1. Chapter 1
Science Skills

2. 1.4 Presenting Scientific Data

3. Organizing Data
There are many types of ways to present data that you collect in the lab.
How you present it depends on what kind of data is collected.
Scientists can organize their data by using data tables and graphs.
There are three major types of graphs commonly used in chemistry: Pie Graphs, Bar Graphs, and Line Graphs.

4. Pie Graphs A Pie Graph shows the parts of a whole.
It is ideal for displaying data that are parts of a whole.
IT IS ALWAYS PERCENTAGES!!!

5. 40% Calcium, 12% Carbon, and 48% Oxygen
Graph of the Composition of Calcite

6. Bar Graphs A Bar Graph compares items.
It is useful when you want to compare data for several individual items or events.
A Bar Graph often makes clearer how large or small the differences in individual values are.
Normally there is only ONE set of numerical data.

7. Average Annual Precipitation for Selected Us Cities

8. Line Graphs Line Graphs are best for continuous change.
When there are two variables, such as the independent and dependent, a line graph is best for showing the change in their relationship.
An Independent Variable is a variable that changes at a fixed rate.
A Dependent Variable varies / changes with the experiment. It depends on the independent variable.
Line graphs are usually made with the Independent Variable on the X-Axis and the Dependent Variable on the Y-Axis.
Line graphs are usually made with an x and y axis.

9. (See line graph Example)
Time (s)
Volume (mL) 90
116 10 3
100
140 20 6
110
147 30 12
120
152 40 25
130
154 50 43
156 60 58
150 70 72
160 80
170
You cannot tell from looking at the data table what exactly this data tells you….so we put the data into a line graph.
(See line graph Example)

10. Graph of Volume of Gas vs. Time

11. Practice…
Plot the following data using the correct type of graph. Be Sure to label Everything.
Temperature (C)
Mass (g)
100 5 20
120 3 40
140 2 60
160 1 80