1. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

2. Respiratory System
Transports gases between external environment and the internal gas exchange surfaces

3. Nasal Cavity Exposed to the air through nostrils
Is lined with ciliated mucous membranes, which filter, warms and moistens the air

4. Pharynx Throat cavity where oral cavity and nasal cavity meet
Food is prevented from entering the trachea by the epiglottis

5. Larynx Is the voice box Made mostly of cartilage
Vocals cords are located here (2 pr of membranes that are stretched across the inside of the larynx)
As air is breathed in and out the cords vibrate to make sounds

6. Trachea Tube lined with rings of cartilage (for strength and support)
Lined with ciliated mucous membranes for trapping microscopic particles

7. Bronchi Tube which enters each lung
Extends into each lung where it subdivides many times forming bronchioles

8. Alveoli Bronchioles end with alveoli
Alveoli are small, moist, cuplike cavities which are surrounded by capillaries
This is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place

10. Oxygen is carried by the red blood cells as oxyhemoglobin
The oxygen easily diffuses across cell membranes to be used during aerobic cellular respiration

11. Carbon dioxide in the plasma is carried in the form of the bicarbonate ion
CO2 + H2O  H2CO3 

12. Diaphragm
A sheet of muscle which changes the size of the chest cavity

13. Mechanics of Breathing
Mechanical process of taking air into and out of the lungs

14. Inhalation Air moves into the lungs The diaphragm moves down
The volume of the chest cavity increases
Pressure decreases and air moves in

15. Exhalation Air moves out of the lungs The diaphragm moves up
The volume of the chest cavity decreases
Pressure increases so air is forced out

16. Medulla Lower back part of the brain that regulates the breathing rate
Breathing rate depends on the carbon dioxide level of the blood
Works as a feedback mechanism to help maintain homeostasis