1. Colonization Super-Summary
Units 2, 3, & 4
Colonization Super-Summary

2. Part 1: Exploration & Spanish Colonization

3. 3) markets to sell their goods1
What kinds of things were early explorers looking for when they left their home countries?
1) trade
routes
2) riches
3) markets to sell their goods

4. Who were the first Europeans to come to North America?2
Vikings
Where were the Vikings from?
Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland
 Viking Bunny of Doom

5. Enter: Christopher Columbus3
An Italian man who thought that a quicker way to Asia might be sailing west across the Atlantic
He didn’t know that North & South America would be in the way

6. Columbus tried for 6 years to get a European ruler to listen to his plan 4
Finally, in 1492, the King & Queen of Spain agreed to sponsor his voyage, & on Aug. 3, he left Spain with 3 ships

7. He called the people he met there Indians 5
3 months after he left Spain, Columbus reached an island in the Caribbean
He called the people he met there Indians 5
b/c he thought he was in the East Indies (Asia)
Of course we now know they were actually Native Americans, and the island he reached was in the modern-day Bahamas

8. The next island Columbus & his men reached was a little bigger
The next island Columbus & his men reached was a little bigger. They built a fort there & called the island 6
Hispaniola
(modern-day Dominican Republic & Haiti)
39 men stayed there, and the rest returned to Spain with him

9. Columbus later made 3 more voyages to “the Indies” (the Caribbean)
Why? 7
Many people in Spain really believed Columbus had reached the Indies, (Asia) so in 1493,
Columbus was sent back to the new world to set up colonies

10. What are Colonies?
Colonies: Permanent settlements controlled by a larger country

11. When Christopher Columbus died in 1506, 8
he was unaware that he had arrived at 2 new continents, and not Asia

12. Spain Builds an Empire in the Caribbean
Columbus and his brothers had a short stint at governing Santo Domingo, but they didn’t do a good job
Spanish rulers took control to create the new colonies
Their main goals in creating the new colonies were:
1. To serve God
2. To serve the King
3. To get rich 9

13. The oldest Spanish town in the U.S....10
St. Augustine, FL, settled in 1565
Life there was all about mission work, which meant converting people to the Catholic religion

14. Missionary:11
Someone sent by a church to convert others to a different religion (Catholic)
Flashback- Queen Isabella of Spain wanted Columbus to convert the people in the New World to Catholicism when he made his first voyage

15. Why so few unmarried Spanish women in New Spain? 12
The families in Spain didn’t want their daughters traveling so far away
With few Spanish women over here, whom could the Spanish men possibly marry?

16. Many Spanish colonists married
Native American or African American women
The mixture of these ethnic groups’ traditions led to the development of Latino culture
12a

17. Part 2: British Colonization

18. 1587 Roanoke the British Empire
In the year _______, England made its first attempt at colonization in America at ___________, along the outer banks of North Carolina.
It was an attempt to expand
______________________.
1587 13
Roanoke
(empire expanding)
the British Empire

19. One settler returned to England for goods to bring back to the colony,
but when he returned 3 years later, the people he’d left behind
were gone, leaving few clues as to what had happened to them 14

20. ____________, __________ in _______.
So England’s Roanoke colony was a failure, but the British still wanted to claim territory in the new world
Their next attempt to claim territory in the new world resulted in the settlement of
____________, __________
in _______. 15
Jamestown Virginia
1607

21. Problems in Jamestown The land was a problem because
it was swampy and spread disease
16a

22. Another problem in Jamestown:
Half of the settlers didn’t do any farming to help the colony survive because
they were nobles who only wanted to search for gold.
Half of them eventually died from
starvation or sickness
16c
16b

23. How did they save the colony?
Captain John Smith, an English soldier, sailor, & Jamestown colonist, took charge & made several changes

24. What changes did he make to save the colony?17
1. Made friends with the local Powhatan Indians
2. Set up working parties to build houses, plant crops, and bring fresh water

25. Jamestown grew under John Smith’s leadership, but in 1609, when war broke out between the Powhatan Indians & the colonists, Smith was 18
injured by a gunpowder burn & went back to England

26. What happened to Jamestown after he left? 19
The winter of = “The Starving Time,” & the population dropped from about 500 to 60
Commercial
Robot Chicken

27. Jamestown’s Next “Hero”
One new settler from England, John Rolfe, helped save the colony. 20
He found that tobacco grew well there. So they planted tobacco in every possible place & sold it to England.

28. Why did all these British people come here?
The Roanoke settlers came to…
expand the British empire
The Jamestown settlers came to…
make money
The Pilgrims & the Puritans came for…21
religious freedom
Their ships actually looked more like this:

29. Pilgrims & Puritans
In England at the time, it was illegal to be part of any church besides the Church of England
The Pilgrims and the Puritans were people who disagreed with the church of England and eventually left the country to worship they way they wanted to

30. The Pilgrims settled in 22
Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620
Like the Jamestown colonists, they lost many people because of starvation and a harsh winter

31. But unlike the Jamestown colonists,23
the Pilgrims were hard workers and had better leadership

32. What about the Puritans?
The Puritans settled24
the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630
Like the Pilgrims, they survived because of their diligence and after some time to get themselves established, the colony’s population grew quickly

33. One very important characteristic of their colony-
Everyone who lived there had to follow Puritan rules
Those who didn’t could be punished (even beaten or hanged) or driven out of the colony

34. That’s why we have Rhode Island!
Roger Williams was a minister who disagreed with the Puritans
He thought people should be able to worship in their own way
As you would expect, when he spoke out against the Puritan leaders, 25
they drove him out of the Mass. Bay Colony

35. Williams & his followers fled south in 1635 & 25a
Settled Providence, the first American town to guarantee religious freedom to all settlers

36. 26a. Circle each New England Colony
26b. Draw an X on each Middle Colony
26c. Lightly shade in each Southern Colony

37. Making Money fishing, shipbuilding, & trade
In New England, there wasn’t enough fertile soil for large-scale farming
There was, however, plenty of access to the ocean, and there were plenty of forests
As a result, most of the money in New England was made through 27
fishing, shipbuilding, & trade
Photo Bomb

38. Making Money
The Middle & Southern colonies had plenty of fertile soil & long growing seasons
Thus, most of their wealth came from 28
agriculture

39. The British Colonists Become Americans
In the early 1700s, feelings of nationalism (loyalty to one’s own country) started to spread throughout the colonies

40. ie: they were feeling more & more like their own country
Many colonists felt more loyalty to the colonies than to England
ie: they were feeling more & more like their own country

41. What made them less like the British & more like their own country?
One thing was religion 29
Many immigrants came from European countries other than England & brought new religions with them
(leave some space… there’s a little bit more to write)

42. Religion
Having many different religious groups in the colonies made people more tolerant
We know this wasn’t the case in England, where it was the King’s way or the highway
Name the King

43. Another thing that made the colonies more like their own country was trade
English trade laws said that the colonists could only trade with England
The colonists thought this was unfair, so they broke themselves free of England’s trade laws

44. So how did that make them more like their own country? 30
Trading with other countries exposed people to new customs, some of which they adopted

45. Part 3: French Colonization

46. Why Did They Come?
In 1533, the King of France sent Jacques Cartier to North America to find gold, riches, & a short sea route to Asia

47. What Did He Find? Cartier discovered 31
the St. Lawrence River, claiming it & the surrounding land for France
He called this area “New France”
(very original)

48. The problem:
France’s King Henry IV started to worry that England & other European countries were exploring the areas around New France,
& he had no one there to protect the land

49. How do we keep New France French?
The King wanted French colonists to settle there. But what was there to motivate French people to move there?
The King made a deal with French merchants, which we will look at in a couple minutes
Name this game show

50. So what was that deal the King of France made with French merchants? 32
If the merchants brought colonists to America with them, the merchants could 32
trade with the Native Americans for furs & sell them to Europeans