1. The Presidency

2. Overview Qualifications & Demographics Presidential Roles
Organization of the Executive Branch
Presidential Power

3. Qualifications Article II, Section 1: Natural Born Citizen
35 years old
14 year resident of U.S.

4. Demographics
Gender

5. Demographics
Race

6. Presidential Roles
Chief of State

7. Presidential Roles
Commander in Chief

8. Presidential Roles Chief Executive oversee federal bureaucracy
administer and execute the law

9. Presidential Roles Chief Diplomat negotiate and sign treaties
appoint diplomats
receive foreign officials
negotiate and sign executive agreements

10. Presidential Roles Chief Legislator recommend legislation to Congress
set legislative agenda
veto power

11. Presidential Roles
Chief of Party

12. Checks on the President
Commander in Chief
Congress declares war
Congress controls budget
War Powers Act (1973)
48 hour alert to Congress
troops stay for 60 days pending Congressional approval
With no approval, troops must be withdrawn

13. Checks on the President
Chief Executive
Senate must approve presidential appointments
Civil Service protection for most appointees
Congress controls the budget

14. Checks on the President
Chief Diplomat
Senate confirmation of ambassadors
Senate confirmation of treaties
Chief Legislator
President does not have seat in Congress
Congress can override veto

15. Checks on the President
Party Chief
term limit and “lame duck” status
loose organization of American parties makes it difficult to “lead”

17. 15 Departments

18. e.g., WHO, CEA, NSC, OMB

19. e.g., CIA, EPA, NASA, NRC, Peace Corps

20. Presidential Powers Executive Orders Executive Privilege
Bush Administration EOs by subject
EO by disposition (Johnson to G.W. Bush)
Executive Privilege
ability to withhold information from Congress or to refuse to recognize Congressional subpoena

21. Presidential Power Veto Power Access to Media
threat to use and actual use can shape legislation
Access to Media
use of mass media allows president to reach public in a way that no other institution or politician in government can

22. Presidential Power Persuasion
Bargain with members of Congress and bureaucracy
Success depends on variety of factors, including:
personal communication skills
partisan divide in Congress
public approval ratings