1. Chapter 3 Matter and Energy
3.3 Temperature
Learning Goal Given a temperature, calculate a corresponding value on another temperature scale.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. is measured using a thermometer
Temperature
Temperature
is a measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to another object
is measured using a thermometer
is measured and reported in Celsius (C) units in science
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

3. Temperature Scales
Temperature scales
are Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin
have reference points for the boiling and freezing points of water

4. Learning Check
A. What is the temperature of freezing water?
(1) 0 F (2) 0 C (3) 0 K
B. What is the temperature of boiling water?
(1) 100 F (2) 32 F (3) 373 K
C. How many Celsius units are between the boiling and freezing points of water?
(1) (2) (3) 273

5. Solution
A. What is the temperature of freezing water?
(2) 0 C
B. What is the temperature of boiling water?
(3) 373 K
C. How many Celsius units are between the boiling and freezing points of water?
(1) 100

6. Converting Between F and C
We can write equations that relate these two scales, F to its corresponding C.
To obtain F from C:
and to convert F to C:

7. Converting Between F and C

8. Converting Between F and C
A person with hypothermia has a body temperature of 34.8 C. What is this temperature in F?
Step 1 Given C Need F
Step 2 Write a temperature equation.
TF = 1.8TC

9. Converting Between F and C
A person with hypothermia has a body temperature of 34.8 C. What is this temperature in F?
Step 3 Substitute known and calculate.
TF = 1.8 (34.8 C)
exact tenths =
= 94.6 F
and to convert oF to oC

10. Learning Check
The normal temperature of a chickadee is F. What is that temperature on the Celsius scale?
A C
B C
C C

11. Solution
The normal temperature of a chickadee is F. What is that temperature on the Celsius scale?
C C
Step 1 Given F Need C
Step 2 Write a temperature equation.

12. Solution
The normal temperature of a chickadee is F. What is that temperature on the Celsius scale?
C C
Step 3 Substitute known and calculate.

13. Learning Check
A pepperoni pizza is baked at 455 F. What temperature is needed on the Celsius scale? A. 423 C B. 235 C C. 221 C

14. Solution
A pepperoni pizza is baked at 455 F. What temperature is needed on the Celsius scale? B. 235 C Step 1 Given 455 F Need C Step 2 Write a temperature equation.

15. Solution
A pepperoni pizza is baked at 455 F. What temperature is needed on the Celsius scale? B. 235 C Step 3 Substitute known and calculate.

16. Learning Check
On a cold winter day, the temperature is –15 C. What is that temperature in F?
A. 19 F
B. 59 F
C. 5 F

17. Solution
On a cold winter day, the temperature is –15 C. What is that temperature in F? C. 5 F Step 1 Given –15 C Need F Step 2 Write a temperature equation. TF = 1.8(TC) + 32

18. Solution
On a cold winter day, the temperature is –15 C. What is that temperature in F? C. 5 F Step 3 Substitute known and calculate. TF = 1.8 (–15 C) + 32 = –27  + 32 = 5 F Note: Be sure to use the change sign key on your calculator to enter the minus – sign. 1.8 x 15  +/ – = –27 

19. Kelvin Temperature Scale
The Kelvin temperature scale
has 100 units between freezing and boiling points
100 K = C or 1 K = 1 C
adds 273 to the Celsius temperature
TK = TC + 273
is based on 0 K (absolute zero), the lowest possible temperature
0 K = –273 C

20. Temperature Comparisons

21. Learning Check
What is normal body temperature of 37 oC
in kelvins?
A K
B K
C K

22. Solution
What is normal body temperature of 37 oC
in kelvins?
310 K
Step 1 Given 37 oC Need K
Step 2 Write a temperature equation.
TK = TC
Step 3 Substitute known and calculate.
TK = = 310 K