1. Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: Technical Advances and Clinical Applications 
Helmut Neumann, Ralf Kiesslich, Michael B. Wallace, Markus F. Neurath 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 139, Issue 2, Pages e2 (August 2010)
DOI: /j.gastro
Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
The iCLE system. Two monitors allow the simultaneous analysis of endomicroscopic (left monitor) and macroscopic (right monitor) structures. The distal tip of the iCLE system showing the blue laser light is depicted in the right upper panel. CLE imaging of the bowel mucosa after dye administration is shown in the lower right panel.
System images with kind permission from Pentax Europe GmbH, Life care.
Gastroenterology  , e2DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
The pCLE system. The pCLE system including monitor is shown in the left panel. Confocal probes (insert, left panel) are advanced through the working channel of an endoscope followed by administration of a fluorescent dye. Accordingly, cells and vessels in the mucosa can be visualized.
System images with kind permission from Mauna Kea Technologies.
Gastroenterology  , e2DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
CLE with an iCLE in a patient with colon cancer (right panel) and a control patient with hyperplastic changes (left panel). Whereas the latter patient shows regular and serrated crypt architecture in the mucosa upon fluorescein administration, CLE demonstrates altered crypt structure and dark neoplastic cells in the patient with cancer.
Gastroenterology  , e2DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
The pCLE in patient with UC and mild inflammatory activity. CLE demonstrates increased number of blood vessels that are all dilated (A) and fluorescein leakage (B) demonstrated by extravasation of fluorescein around fragile vessels (arrows).
Gastroenterology  , e2DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions