1. Urban Forest Hurricane Recovery Program
This presentation is part of a series of educational initiatives from The Urban Forest Hurricane Recovery Program in the School of Forest Resources and Conservation and the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida (IFAS/UF). 1

2. Selecting Southeastern Coastal Plain Tree Species for Wind Resistance:
Photo Gallery of medium low to lowest wind resistance
This Power Point presentation is a photographic complement to Chapter 8 – Selecting Southeastern Coastal Plain Tree Species for Wind Resistance. It serves as a quick identification guide for tree species included in the lists of relative wind resistance developed for the Southeastern Coastal Plain region, as described in detail in Chapter 8. For additional images, extensive cultural and maintenance information of tree species in Florida and the southeast US (hardiness zones 8-11) please visit
Mary Duryea
Eliana Kampf
Ed Gilman
Laura Paterson

3. Lists of Relative Wind Resistant Tree Species
SE Coastal Plain
Tropical & Subtropical tree species
Lists of relative wind resistant tree species were developed from research of ten hurricanes which struck the Southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain, South Florida and Puerto Rico between 1992 and A survey of arborists, scientists and urban foresters contributed information to rank species as well. These lists were formulated for the Southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain region (which includes USDA hardiness zones 8 and 9) and Tropical and Subtropical regions (including USDA hardiness zones 10 and 11)*. These lists are divided into 4 categories, Highest, Medium-High, Medium-Low and Lowest wind resistance for dicots, conifers, palms and fruit trees. Next, we present images for Southeastern Coastal Plain tree species for medium-low to lowest wind resistance. Tree species for the Tropical and Subtropical region are reported in Chapter 9 - Selecting Tropical and Subtropical Tree Species for Wind Resistance.
* The complete study and results can be found in:
1. Duryea, M.L., E. Kampf, and R.C. Littell Hurricanes and the Urban Forest: I. Effects on Southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain Tree Species. Arboric. & Urb. Forestry: 33(2): and
2. Duryea, M.L., E. Kampf, R.C. Littell and Carlos D. Rodríguez-Pedraza Hurricanes and the Urban Forest: II. Effects on Tropical and Subtropical Tree Species. Arboric. & Urb. Forestry: 33(2):98-112
- Medium-Low WR
- Lowest WR
Lists are divided into:
- Highest WR
- Medium-High WR 3

4. Medium-Low Wind Resistance
SE Coastal Plain tree species
Medium-Low Wind Resistance
Dicots
Acer negundo, boxelder
Acer rubrum, red maple
Acer saccharinum, silver maple
Celtis laevigata, sugarberry
Celtis occidentalis, hackberry
Cinnamomum camphora, camphorb
Eriobotrya japonica, loquatc
Eucalyptus cinerea, silverdollar eucalyptus
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, green ash
Morus rubra, red mulberry
Myrica cerifera, wax myrtle
Persea borbonia, redbay
Platanus occidentalis, sycamore
Prunus serotina, black cherry
Quercus alba, white oak
Quercus phellos, willow oak
Salix x sepulcralis, weeping willow
Ulmus americana, American elm
Conifers
Pinus elliottii, slash pine
Pinus palustris, longleaf pine
Pinus taeda, loblolly pine
We present these lists with the caveat that no tree is completely wind proof. Considerations such as soil, cultural practices, tree age and health, and other urban forest health conditions also need to be taken into account. In addition, conditions accompanying hurricanes such as precipitation and the speed in which they move through an area also influence tree response to winds.
Citation: Fox, A.M., D.R. Gordon, J.A. Dusky, L. Tyson, and R.K. Stocker IFAS assessment of the status of non-native plants in Florida’s natural areas. SS-AGR-225 of the University of Florida IFAS Cooperative Extension Service. Gainesville, FL. 27 pp.
a Prohibited in Florida
b Invasive and not recommended in Florida
c Caution: may be used but must be managed to prevent escape in Florida (Fox et al. 2005) 4

5. boxelder Acer negundo

6. red maple Acer rubrum

7. silver maple Acer saccharinum

8. sugarberry Celtis laevigata

9. hackberry Celtis occidentalis

10. camphor Cinnamomum camphora (This species is invasive and not recommended in Florida)

11. loquat Eriobotrya japonica (Invasive: manage to prevent escape)

12. silverdollar eucalyptus Eucalyptus cinera

13. green ash Fraxinus pennsylcanica

14. red mulberry Morus rubra

15. wax myrtle Myrica cerifera

16. redbay Persea borbonia

17. sycamore Platanus occidentalis

18. black cherry Prunus serotina

19. white oak Quercus alba

20. willow oak Quercus phellos

21. weeping willow Salix xsepulcralis

22. American elm Ulmus americana

23. slash pine Pinus elliottii var elliottii

24. longleaf pine Pinus palustris

25. loblolly pine Pinus taeda

26. Lowest Wind Resistance
SE Coastal Plain tree species
Lowest Wind Resistance
Dicots
Carya illinoensis, pecan
Liriodendron tulipifera, tulip poplar
Prunus caroliniana, Carolina laurelcherry
Pyrus calleryana, Bradford pear
Quercus falcata, southern red oak
Quercus laurifolia, laurel oak
Quercus nigra, water oak
Sapium sebiferum, Chinese tallowa
Ulmus parvifolia, Chinese elm
Conifers
Juniperus silicicola, southern red cedar
x Cupressocyparis leylandii, Leyland cypress
Pinus clausa, sand pine
Pinus glabra, spruce pine
Palms
Washingtonia robusta, Washington fan
We present these lists with the caveat that no tree is completely wind proof. Considerations such as soil, cultural practices, tree age and health, and other urban forest health conditions also need to be taken into account. In addition, conditions accompanying hurricanes such as precipitation and the speed in which they move through an area also influence tree response to winds.
Citation: Fox, A.M., D.R. Gordon, J.A. Dusky, L. Tyson, and R.K. Stocker IFAS assessment of the status of non-native plants in Florida’s natural areas. SS-AGR-225 of the University of Florida IFAS Cooperative Extension Service. Gainesville, FL. 27 pp.
a Prohibited in Florida
b Invasive and not recommended in Florida
c Caution: may be used but must be managed to prevent escape in Florida (Fox et al. 2005) 26

27. pecan hickory Carya illineonsis

28. tulip poplar Liriodendron tulipifera

29. Carolina laurelcherry Prunus caroliniana

30. Bradford pear Pyrus calleryana

31. southern red oak Quercus falcata

32. laurel oak Quercus laurifolia

33. water oak Quercus nigra

34. Chinese tallow Sapium sebiferum (Invasive: prohibited in Florida)

35. Chinese elm Ulmus parvifolia

36. southern red cedar Juniperus silicola

37. leyland cypress xCupressocyparis leylandii

38. sand pine Pinus clausa

39. spruce pine Pinus glabra

40. Washington palm Washingtonia robusta