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Exploration and Isolation
Chapter 3- Exploration and Isolation
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European Exploration Renaissance sparks adventurous spirit
Technology helps give the Portugese the early edge Motivation for explore- “God, gold, and glory.” Also motivated by the Turk/ Italian dominance of land routes
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Other Nations Make Claims
Portugal makes claims on Goa, the Moluccas, the straits of Malacca and Hormuz Spain gets into the mix through Columbus- claims made in W. Hemisphere The Dutch create giant navy- start an East India Company Island of Java France and England create posts in India
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Chinese React to Europeans
Chinese remove Mongols from area- 1368 Hongwu starts the Ming dynasty- unite China, with vassal states Confucianism is moral code. Agriculture of commerce Yonglo moves capital to Beijing
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China Zheng He takes voyages to areas of Asia- purpose to show wealth and expand tribute China only allowed trade in Canton, Macao, Ningbo- govt only- still emphasize agr. Christian missionaries accepted with mixed feelings.
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Qing replace Ming Ming dynasty successful in uniting China
Manchu from area NE of China establish Qing dynasty Keep Confucian laws Maintain isolation policy- limited to trade with Dutch Commodities include - silk, porcelain, and TEA Art- technique valued over creativity
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Japan & European Countries
Feuding lords (daimyo) split up Japan- “Warring states” period Feudalism emerged that resembled Europe’s (page 110) Kyoto captured by Oda nobunaga, expanded by Toyotomi Hideyoshi Tokugawa Ieyashu united Japan under the motto; “Never neglect to protect the country”. Moved capital to Edo (Tokyo)
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Isolation for Japan Culture develops free from Europe- noh, haiku, kabuki Portugese traders OK in Japan- daimyo wanted muskets Christian missionaries accepted with traders- at first In 1637, peasant revolt against shogun- revolt associated with Christians; expelled or killed Japanese not allowed to leave to prevent bringing back foreign ideals
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