1. Hellenism The Spread of Greek Culture
Philip of Macedonia
Macedonia was a small country north of Greece
In 359 BC, Philip became King of Macedonia
As a boy Philip was held hostage in Thebes for 3 years
He thought of himself as Greek
Philip as king
Created a professional army with full time paid soldiers
Equipped his soldiers with 18 foot lances, slingshots, and bows and arrows and used the phalanx formation
Bribed Greek officials to make decisions he wanted
Found ways for the city-states to fight each other
Made a treaty with a polis (sometimes through marriage: he had 7 wives) and then broke it
Invaded Greece in 338 BC and defeated Athens and Thebes to take control of Greece
In 336 BC, Philip was murdered.***