1. Civics Core 100, Goal 3
Goal 3: The learner will analyze how state and local government is established by the North Carolina Constitution.

2. Types of
Local Government

3. Types of Local Government
Counties: the entire county (100 in NC)
Example: New Hanover County
Municipalities: cities, towns, or villages
Example: Wilmington, Ogden, Wrightsville Beach, Carolina Beach, Kure Beach, Porters Neck
Every county and municipal government has a legislative and executive branch
Raise money through taxes(PRIMARILY PROPERTY TAXES)
Spend public funds
Set and Implement public policies

5. What types of Local Governments are there?
County New Hanover County
City Wilmington
Towns (Generally in New England)
Villages Landfall?
Special Districts New Hanover County School Board: New Hanover County
Water and Sewer

6. Charter

7. Charter Must get from the state to exist as a local government
Outlines the basic rules for the municipal government
Municipal charter can be changed by the General Assembly, or, by “home rule” amendments adopted by local governments

8. Special
State
Elections

9. Referendum

10. Referendum Way for citizens to approve or reject a state or local law
Examples: School Bond Referendums

11. Initiative

12. Initiative
Citizens can propose new laws or state constitutional amendments
Citizens who want a new law gather signatures of qualified voters on a petition
Then, the proposed law (proposition) is put on the ballot at the next general election

13. Major State
Court Cases

14. Leandro
Case

15. Leandro Case Leandro v. State of North Carolina, 1997
North Carolina Supreme Court
People from 5 NC counties filed a lawsuit against the state claiming that the state was not giving their children “adequate or equal educational opportunities”
These counties were “low-wealth” counties with little funding
Court ruled that the state constitution does not require equal funding of education but does require an adequate education.

16. State v. Munn

17. State v. Munn
1830
Slaveholder, John Mann, was arrested for beating and wounding an enslaved Africa American named Lydia
Chowan County convicted Mann of battery
The NC Supreme Court overruled the decision
Ruled that the laws of NC state that slaveholders cannot be prosecuted for attacking the enslaved.

18. Equal
Protection Amendment

19. 14th Amendment
1868
U.S. citizen is anyone born or naturalized in the U.S.
Citizens must have equal protection of the laws and must be given due process of law
Incorporates the Bill of Rights to the States as well. With the 14th Amendment the states must follow the Bill of Rights as well.

20. Civil Rights

21. Civil Rights Rights of full citizenship and equality under the law
Usually associated with the struggles of African Americans in the US
100 years + to secure their rights
Civil Rights Act of 1964: prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration

22. State / Local
Leaders

23. Governor

24. Governor Head of executive branch in each state
NC’s governor = Beverly Perdue

25. executives North Carolina United States Governor Leader President
30 years old, 5 year citizen, 2 year resident
Qualifications
35 years old, natural born citizen, 14 year resident
4 year terms- can serve 2 consecutive terms
Term
4 year terms- can serve only 2 terms or 10 years
Same as president except no chief diplomat
Roles of Leader
HELP JED C
Head of state, chief Executive, Legislative leader, Party leader, Judicial leader, Economic leader, chief Diplomat, Commander-in-Chief
Appointed by the Governor, more of an advisory role
Cabinet
Appointed by the President, approved by the Senate, runs executive departments
Elected officials running key executive departments, do not answer to the governor
Council of State
None. The executive department secretaries report to the President
Recall
Removal process
impeachment

26. Council of
State

27. Council of State
Executive department heads elected by the people of the state.
These individuals are different from the governor’s or president’s cabinet in that they are directly elected by the people and therefore actually limit the governor’s powers.
Examples: Secretary of Insurance, etc.

28. Mayor

29. Mayor Head of executive branch in each city
New Hanover County’s Mayor = Bill Saffo

30. General
Assembly

31. General Assembly North Carolina’s State Legislature
Creates NC’s local governments and decides what authority and responsibility they have

32. City
Council

33. City Council Local form of gov’t
Elected officials sit on city’s council
Make decisions for the city