1. Carboxylic acids
AH Chemistry, Unit 3(b)

2. Functional group

3. Dimers Causes relatively high boiling points.
But do not exist in aqueous solution.

4. Properties
Solubility
How does this compare to alcohols?
Why?

5. The carbonyl group has electron withdrawing properties and makes the O-H bond even more polar.

6. Properties
pH in aqueous solution

7. The stability of the carboxylate ion is stabilised by electron delocalisation.
So less likely to recombine with H+

8. Preparation Oxidation of aldehydes
Hydrolysis of esters, amides or nitriles

9. Reactions Neutralisation with bases and metals
Producing salts
Condensation with alcohols
Producing esters
Reaction with ammonia
Producing ammonium salts, then amides
Reduction with lithium aluminium hydride
Producing primary alcohols