1. Cavopulmonary anastomosis in staging toward fontan operation: pathologic substrates 
Annalisa Angelini, MD, Carla Frescura, MD, Giovanni Stellin, MD, Gaetano Thiene, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 66, Issue 2, Pages (August 1998)
DOI: /S (98)

2. Fig 1
Diagram of the first cavopulmonary anastomosis from the original work of Carlon and associates (Reprinted from Carlon CA, Mondini PG, De Marchi R. Surgical treatment of some cardiovascular diseases. J Int Surg 1951;16:1–10.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

3. Fig 2
(Case 1.) Tricuspid atresia with total intracardiac cavopulmonary anastomosis. (A) The right atrium is opened to show the kinking of the intraatrial conduit (arrow). (B) The cavopulmonary anastomosis is opened to reveal the pulmonary artery distortion. (LPA = left pulmonary artery; RA = right atrium; RPA = right pulmonary artery; SVC = superior vena cava.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

4. Fig 3
(Case 2.) Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and with total intracardiac cavopulmonary anastomosis. The right atrium with the intracardiac conduit is opened, revealing a massive thrombosis (arrow) of the right atrium, which produces compression and distortion of the conduit. (RA = right atrium; RPA = right pulmonary artery; SVC = superior vena cava.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

5. Fig 4
(Case 3.) Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis (A) Front view: the only vessel taking origin from the heart is the aorta. (B) Closer view of the left pulmonary artery with thrombosis. (Ao = aorta; LPA = left pulmonary artery with thrombosis.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )