1. Ch. 5 Marine Algae & Plants

2. 5.1 Marine Algae
Seaweeds- multicellular algae that live in the sunlit waters of the ocean
Deposited along the strandline which is composed of the seaweed and debris that are washed up by the incoming tide
Over 500 species

3. Life Cycle of Ulva

4. I. Green Algae

5. Class chlorophyta
Grow attached to rocky substrates on or near the surface
No specialized tissues that conduct water
Water passes directly into algae’s cells from its surroundings

6. Enteromorpha

7. Enteromorpha Grow abundantly in shallow coastal waters
Carpets rocks and hard substrates
Can tolerate a wide range of temperatures and conditions

8. Codium

9. Codium Spongy, branching green algae
Can grow more than 6 meters in length
Has been known to prevent harvesting of scallops, mussels and oyster beds

10. Acetabularia

11. Acetabularia Very large single cell that grows about 8 cm long
Shaped like a miniature umbrella
Grows in warm waters of Gulf of Mexico and coast of Florida

12. Benefits
We can extract beta-carotene (yellowish) and xanthophyll (yellowish or brownish) pigments
Can be used as food coloring

13. II. Brown algae Phylum phaeophyta
Provides shelter or nutrients for other organisms
Eaten raw or cooked in some cultures
Used in food preparation

14. Fucus

15. Fucus
Tough, fibrous pad of tissue called a holdfast anchors it to rocks
Easily found on rocky coasts at low tide

16. Kelp

17. Kelp Largest seaweeds in the ocean
Growth rate found to be 1/3 meter per day
Produces algin (used in foods, medicines, paints, and paper products)

18. Sargassum

19. Sargassum
Floats on water’s surface

21. III. Red algae Phylum rhodophyta
Most abundant and commercially valuable type of algae
Round on rocky shores
Many species are thin and delicate

22. Red Algae
Irish Moss

23. Irish moss
Short, bushy seaweed that carpets rocks with a dense, spongy growth
Harvested for carrageenan (used as a binding agent in ice cream, puddings, and toothpaste)

24. Agar

25. Agar
Chemical used to make food and medicinal products or as a medium for growing bacteria

26. 5.2 Beach Plants Location- upper beach Protected from tides and surf
Winds create small hills called dunes that are held in place by the roots of beach plants

27. Adaptations to the upper beach
Waxy covering minimizes water loss in desert-like conditions
Grow on side of the dune that faces away from the ocean and are sheltered from the winds off the ocean
Vascular tissues conduct food and water through the plant’s body

28. Beach plants