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Ch.7 Sect.2:Three Processes of Memory

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Presentation on theme: "Ch.7 Sect.2:Three Processes of Memory"— Presentation transcript:

1 Ch.7 Sect.2:Three Processes of Memory

2 What you will learn in this section…
3 processes of memory Encoding Storage Retrieval

3 Encoding Translation of info into a form in which it can be stored
Info goes into memory it is encoded 1st stage of processing info 1st it is in physical form, then psychologically formatted

4 OTTFFSSENT 30 seconds to memorize

5 Visual, Acoustic, Semantic Codes
Did you try to see them in mind as pic (visual)? Read list to self and repeat several times? This way records letters as a sequence of sounds Try to figure out what they mean? Word sent was at the end It represents info… Could have tried to find words that began with each letter and make a sentence Make a phrase 1-10

6 Storage Second process of memory Maintenance rehearsal—
More time spent=longer remembered Elaborative Rehearsal— Teachers use this

7 Organizational Systems
Memories stored become organized and arranged Memory is a vast storehouse of files and file cabinets President example As memory develops, files within files Filing errors

8 Retrieval Consists of locating…
Some info is familiar and readily available Retrieval,retreival

9 Context-Dependent Memory
Context of a memory is the situation in which a person first had the experience being remembered Memories are dependent on the place where a person… Swimming club example Witnesses

10 State-Dependent Memory
Retrieve memories better when they are in the same emotional state they were in when they first stored the memories Happiness Gordon Bower Same state of consciousness

11 On the tip of the tongue Memories can be difficult to retrieve
Sometimes we get really close to info but it is on… We often try to retrieve memories by…

12 Ch.7 Sect.3:Three Stages of Memory

13 What you will learn in this section…
3 stages of memory Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory

14 1st stage, immediate, initial recording of info that enters our senses
Decays within a second Icons— Iconic memory like snapshots Eidetic imagery— Gone by adolescence Echoic memory— Easier to remember than visual Sensory Memory

15 Short-term Memory Also called working memory Used a great deal
Whenever you think about something Examples Fades rapidly after several seconds

16 Remembering numbers Primacy effect— Recency effect— Chunking— George Miller found average person… Businesses… 10 digit phone number Only a limited amount of info at a time can be retained in short term memory Interference— The Peterson Experiment

17 Long Term Memory Mechanical repetition Relating info…
New info constantly being transferred into long term It holds… Still don’t know limit on how much we can store Limited to… Walter Penfield Elizabeth Loftus Memories are reconstructed… Long Term Memory

18 Schemas Schemas— Loftus and Palmer experiment

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