1. Introduction to science

2. Lab Safety

3. Branches of Science This class could be called
Natural Science
Physical Science
Chemistry
Physics
Earth and Space
Geology, Astronomy
Meteorology &
Oceanography
Life Science
Botany, Zoology &
Ecology
Branches of Science
This class could be called
“Introduction to Chemistry and Physics”

4. Physical Science
Science is a process of gathering knowledge about the natural world
There are 2 main branches of physical science that cover the two main categories studied
The branch of chemistry covers the category of matter
Matter makes up the “stuff” in our world
The branch of physics covers the category of energy
Energy is the ability to do work

5. The Big Ideas of Physical Science
1. Space and Time- The universe is very old and big. It is about 13.7 billion years old and we can observe million billion meters in diameter.
The four dimensions (Length, width, height and time).
2. Matter and Change - Matter is anything with volume and mass. It can be a solid, liquid, or gas. The building blocks are called atoms.
Matter has mass and volume and can change forms.

6. The Big Ideas of Physical Science
3. Forces and Motion- Forces cause motion. If you push an object it will move. 
The motion of cars on a city street is captured in this time-exposure photograph. Forces govern changes in the motion of each car.

7. The Big Ideas of Physical Science
4. Energy- Energy exists in many forms. Moving objects have a kind of energy called kinetic energy. An object that is not moving has stored energy, or potential energy.
Energy can be transferred from one form to another
Panels on a solar car convert energy from the sun into the mechanical energy of its moving parts

8. Steps of Scientific inquiry
Questioning
Based on observations using senses and tools.
Inferring- explain observations using prior knowledge.
Hypothesizing
Must be testable
If------, then
Testing a hypothesis
Prediction- tells what you expect to happen under a particular set of conditions
Educated guess

9. Steps of scientific inquiry
Analyzing Data
tables and graphs
Drawing conclusions
Hypotheses are accepted or rejected, not proven
Communicating results
journal articles
conferences

10. Results of scientific inquiry
Theories are well-tested explanations of observations
Laws are summaries of patterns of observations

11. Variables and controls
Independent Variable:
Factor that you want to test
Changed by experimenter
Dependent Variable:
Factor observed or measured
Constants (controlled vars):
Do not change
Control Group:
IV not changed
Experimental Group:
IV is changed

12. GUMMY BEAR LAB Fill out the initial rows of the table.
Length
Width
Height
Volume
Mass
Dry-Initial
Wet-Initial
Dry- Final
Wet- Final L
Fill out the initial rows of the table.
Add 20 mL of water to the “wet” gummy bear in the dish provided
Label your dish with a sharpie

13. Scientific Notation 12,345 = 1.2345 x 104 0.00456 = 4.56 x 10-3
A way to express very small or very large numbers
Example:
12,345 = x 104
= 4.56 x 10-3
Exponent – the # of times the decimal was moved
(+) to the left
(-) to the right
_ten_
_ base unit__ – must be between 1 and 9

14. Scientific Notation Problems
Reverse it!
(+) right
(-) left
56934 =
1280 = = =
2.347 x 10-3 =
x 104 =
x =
x 105 =

15. Experimental Design Organizer
Indpendent Variable: Dependent Variable:
How will you measure it?
Constants: How they will be kept constant:
Materials: Picture of Experimental Setup:

16. Measurement
The International System of Units (SI Units) are what scientists generally use
a set of units based on the powers of ten
1. NO NAKED NUMBERS
2. Metric is BIGGER and therefore BETTER
Quantity
Unit
Symbol
Length
meter m
Mass
Kilogram kg
*Volume
cubic meter/liter
M3 /L
Temperature
Kelvin K
Time
Second s

17. The International System of Units

18. SI Units of Measure All measurements need a number and a unit.
Example: 5 ft 3 in or ºF NO!!!!!!!
Scientists usually do not use these units. They use a unit of measure called SI or International System of Units.
Base Units – more examples on following slide
Length- straight line distance between 2 points is the meter (m)
Mass- quantity of matter in an object or sample is the kilogram (kg)

19. Metric Conversion Foldable
3 cm
7 cm
1 cm

20. Metric System Based on powers of ten
Let’s do some more practice!
Based on powers of ten
We use prefixes to change the value
Let’s try!
5 dm = ______ m
9 mg = ______ g
4 cm = ______ m
7.02 hL = _____ L
0.32 cm = _____ m
4 mL = _____ L
0.03 hg = ________ dg
6035 mm = ______ cm
6.5 DL = _____ L
3.82 g = ______ kg

21. 9/16 Do Now Please have your HW out on your desk Convert:
13 mg = ______ g
4,000 cm = ______ Hm
.56 Km = ______ m
903 DL = _____ cL

22. HW: None 9/16 Agenda Go over HW answers
Do Now and go over Do Now / label new packet
Go over HW answers
Scientific Notation
HW: None
Learning Objectives: Convert numbers using the rules of scientific notation

23. Section 1.3
Scientific Notation – A way of expressing a value as the product of a number between 1 and 10 and a power of 10.
Example:
300,000,000 = 3.0 x 108
The exponent 8 tells you the decimal point is really eight places to the right of 3.
= 8.6 x 10-4
The exponent -4 tells you the decimal point is really four places to the left of 8
Scientists estimate that there are more than 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy.

24. Math Practice 2. Convert these to normal number form: .00823
1. Convert the following to scientific notation.
.00823
300,000,000
2. Convert these to normal number form:
7.6 × 10−4
1.5 × 107

25. More Practice
x =
x 100 = =
x 10-3 = = =

26. Write down 5 things you recall we learned or talked about last week
9/19 Do Now
Write down 5 things you recall we learned or talked about last week

27. 2) Dress for lab 9/19 Agenda Test on Friday!! HW: 1) HW Packet
Do Now and go over Do Now
Review and Practice
Measurement Lab Tomorrow – No Sandals!!
HW: 1) HW Packet
2) Dress for lab
Test on Friday!!
Learning Objectives: Review

28. Science Foundations
The volume of a tissue box can be found by multiplying __ x __ x __
The difference between a theory and a law is that a _______ is something that is known for certain, and a _____ is something that is uncertain
Physical science is the study of:
a) matter and energy b) matter and motion c) motion and energy
Match the unit with the type of measurement:
___ mass a) Hectometers (Hm)
___ density b) milliliters (mL)
___ volume c) Kilograms (Kg)
___ length d) grams/milliliter (g/mL)

29. Scientific Foundations Cont.
Chemistry is the study of
a) energy b) matter c) math d) life
6) Sam uses her senses to gather information. This is called
a) experiment b) conclusion c) observation d) conclusion
Explain why it is important for experiments to be “controlled”?
Why are SI units important?
List 4 examples of SI units ) ) )

30. Metric practice
Draw a picture of the metric “Ladder” we used last week
Which metric measurement would you use to measure the length of a car?
a) millimeter b) centimeter c) meter d) kilometer
Which does the prefix “Deka” mean?
a) b) c) d) 10
Convert 45,786 meters to Hectometers
Convert 62 millimeters to Dekameters

31. Vocab practice SCIENCE
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
ENERGY
MATTER
SCIENTIFIC METHODS
OBSERVATIONS
HYPOTHESIS
DATA
A possible explanation or answer to a question / problem
B. A process of gathering knowledge about the natural world
C. Any pieces of information acquired through experimentation
D. The “stuff” that everything is made of
E. The ability to do work
F. The study of matter and energy
G. The ways in which scientists answer questions and solve problems
H. Using the senses (when appropriate) to gain information

32. Scientific Method Practice
Arrange the steps of the scientific method in order.
“1” is the first step…
_____ Analyze Results
_____ Repeat the experiment if needed
_____ Draw conclusions
_____ Form hypothesis
_____ Test your hypothesis

33. 9/21 Do Now
Please pick up a Ch 1 Review packet
Convert:
9.83 x 104 =
4.23 x = = =

34. HW: Study for Test on Friday
9/21 Agenda
Do Now and go over Do Now
Lab Safety
Measurement Lab
HW: Study for Test on Friday
Learning Objectives: Apply your learning of metric measurement and conversion in a lab

35. 9/22 Do Now Please have your HW out
On a scale of 1-10, how ready are you for our test tomorrow?
What topics are easy for you? Which are you good at?
Which topics are you nervous about/hard for you?

36. HW: Study for Test on Friday
9/22 Agenda
Do Now and go over Do Now
Go over the HW
Review Jeopardy game
** Get into a team with the people in your “Column”
HW: Study for Test on Friday
Learning Objectives: Review

37. 9/23 Do Now Test Day! Convert 3,006.2 to scientific notation
Convert 3.00x10-4 from scientific notation to standard form
Draw and label the steps of the metric ladder

38. HW: None 9/22 Agenda Test Learning Objectives: Assessment
Do Now and go over Do Now
Turn in your Do Now
Questions? From the Review packet?
Test
HW: None
Learning Objectives: Assessment

39. Write down 5 things you recall we learned or talked about last week
9/26 Do Now
Write down 5 things you recall we learned or talked about last week

40. 9/26 Agenda Go Over Ch 1 Test Current Events! No HW
Do Now and go over Do Now
Go Over Ch 1 Test
Current Events!
No HW
Learning Objectives: