1. Mobile learning for the e- generation LLAS E-learning Conference 1 February 2007 John Cook and Cécile Tschirhart RLO-CETL London Metropolitan University

2. What is m(obile)-learning? Type of e-learning using mobile devices (mobile phones, PDAs, iPods, tablet PCs and smartphones) and wireless transmission M-learners are able to access a variety of educational resources and interact with their peers and tutors whenever and wherever it suits them.

3. Who is m-learning for? Formal Education: HE/FE students; school pupils Informal education: Life-long learners; tourists and visitors to museums and galleries Business and workplace: On-the-job learners; field workers

4. Why m-learning in HE? Popularity with digital natives One and a half billion mobile phones (more than 3 times the number of PCs) Mobile phone penetration among young people 75% -100% Learning tool in Asia Consensus among e-learning theorists and practitioners: The future is wireless.

5. M-learning applications Mobile phone quizzes (e.g. spelling and maths tests) Collaborative learning activities involving camera phones and multi-media messaging, using mediaBoard Use of iPods to access audiobooks and lectures Personalised guided tours using hand-held Augmented Reality guides MILOS (mobile Interactive Learning Objects) using graphics, animation, text, video clips, and audio

6. Practical Benefits Anywhere/anytime/personalised learning Portability and space saving Connectivity (instant access) Context-sensitivity (e.g. museums) Cost (less than PC) Inclusiveness/group work

7. Pedagogical advantages Consistent with socio-constructivist pedagogy –Problem solving and exploratory learning; –Contextualised learning; –Independent and collaborative learning; –Scaffolding Personalised learning Enhanced learner motivation

8. Limitations Cost of device/connectivity Limited keyboard/small screen Limited functionality Adapting materials Standardisation Easy to lose

9. Current m-learning projects RLO-CETL: embedding of m-learning in various HE courses MOBILA: Mobile phone Interactive Languages: LondonMet e-packs (online language learning materials) repurposed for use on mobile phones

10. Previous work Designing multimedia learning resources and learning objects (RLO-CETL) For web and mobile phones Study Skills, Business Studies and Sports Science See http://www.rlo-cetl.ac.uk/index.htm http://www.rlo-cetl.ac.uk/index.htm

11. Underpinning research Mobile phone surveys with students (117) 98% have mobiles 61% think its extremely useful to be able to learn at any time and place 55% of the students answered positively about the university contacting them via their own mobile for learning purposes. Only 23% thought it would be a negative aspect.

12. E.G. Mobile Referencing Books Audio replaces/supports content and instruction Interactive alternatives – rethink the problem Bite sized content Prototype

13. E.G. SMS learning hints Some responses from students about the learning hint text messages sent them It started to bug me but was useful. I got them and I liked the ones during the Easter break, which were giving suggestions about the report. I thought the text messages were great because every time I forgot about it I had someone pushing me to get on with it. I really like to receive the text messages. I do think it is very useful. Thank you so much to send them to us.

14. E.G.MediaBoard for collaborative work

15. E.G. Learner Generated Content I love the idea of attending the event! The phone allows us to take pictures and remember the experience.

16. Design and development for mobiles Developing with multimedia platform (see later) Also looking at how to include students own phones in learning