1. September 14, 2016 Global History 2/Ms
September 14, 2016 Global History 2/Ms. cruz Unit: Enlightenment Aim: Explain how enlightenment ideas and changes spread throughout Europe

2. WARM UP:
What were the main contributions of the philosophes discussed yesterday?
Locke- Life, liberty, property
Hobbes – Leviathan, people are naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish; social contract organized by society.
Montesquieu- 3 separate branches of government with seperation of powers
Voltaire- freedom of speech; writer
Rousseau – Social Contract – controls necessary but minimal
Stael, Wollstonecraft- women’s rights.

3. A World of Ideas
1700’s: Paris was the cultural and intellectual capital of Europe
Enlightenment ideas were most intense in the mansions of several wealthy women of Paris.
Philosophers, writers, artists, scientists and other great intellects met to discuss ideas in social gatherings called salons.
Enlightenment views expressed in the articles (Encyclopedia’s) angered both French government and the Catholic Church
Denis Diderot created a large set of books to which man leading scholars of Europe contributed articles and essays. He called this “Encyclopedia”.
Censors banned the work and said it undermined royal authority and encouraged the spread of revolt.
Salons and the Encyclopedia helped spread Enlightenment ideas to educated people
Ideas also spread through newspapers, pamphlets, and political songs 3

4. New Artistic Styles
Enlightenment ideals of order and reason were reflected in arts, music, literature, painting, and architecture
Neoclassical Style Emerges
1600’s-1700’s: European art had been dominated by style called baroque
Characterized by a grand, ornate, design
Ex: Versailles
Artistic Styles began to change
Artists borrowed on ideas and themes from classical Greece and Rome (Neoclassical) 4

5. Changes in Music and Literature
Music styles changed to reflect Enlightenment ideals
Music scene in Europe had been dominated by works of Bach & Handel
Artists wrote dramatic organ & choral music
New composers during Enlightenment
Lighter elegant music (Classical) emerged
Greatest of classical period was Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven
Writers in 18th Century develop new forms of literature
Authors began writing novels & fiction
Samuel Richardson’s Pamela first English novel 5