1. CHAPTER 15 The Ferment of Reform and Culture, 1790–1860

2. Theme #1
The spectacular religious revivals of the Second Great Awakening reversed a trend toward secular rationalism in American culture, and helped to fuel a spirit of social reform. In the process, religion was increasingly “feminized,” while women in turn took the lead in movements of reform, including those designed to improve their own condition.

3. Second Great Awakening
Thomas Paine, Deism
Unitarians, Camps Meetings
Peter Cartwright, Charles Grandison Finney, Lyman Beecher
How did these ideas and contributions fuel the reform movement?

4. Joseph Smith, Brigham Young, Utah
The Mormon Migration

5. Women’s Movement Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott Susan B. Anthony
Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell
Dorthea Dix
Sarah Grimke
Lucy Stone
Seneca Falls Convention,
Declaration of Sentiments,
Contributions? Why? What is their motivation?

6. Theme #2
The attempt to improve Americans’ faith, morals, and character affected nearly all areas of American life and culture, including education, the family, literature, and the arts—culminating in the great crusade against slavery.

7. American Life and Culture
American Temperance Society
Neal S. Dow
Temperance Movement
Utopia Experiments
Robert Owen and New Harmony, Indiana
Oneida Community, New York
Mother Ann Lee and the Shakers
Why? Effect on the Society?

8. Public Education Reform
Horace Mann, Noah Webster, McGruffy’s Readers
University of Virginia, Troy Female Seminary, Mt. Holyoke Seminary, Oberlin College
Why Reform? How?

9. Abolitionism American Anti-Slavery Society Angelina Grimke
William Lloyd Garrison
Theodore Weld
Fredrick Douglass
Why are women interested
in this movement? Is this
the Reform people (women)
really want?

10. Theme #3
Intellectual and cultural development in America was less prolific than in Europe, but they did earn some international recognition and became more distinctly American, especially after the War of 1812.

11. After the War of 1812 - a new culture
Hudson River School
Gilbert Stuart, Thomas Cole,
Knickerbocker Group
Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, William Cullen Bryant
Transcendentalism
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Walt Whitman, Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller

12. American Historical Writing
A New Literary World
Emily Dickinson, Edgar Allan Poe, Louisa May Alcott, Herman Melville, William Gilmore Simms, Nathanial Hawthorne
American Historical Writing
George Bancroft

13. What impact did these writings have on American Culture
What impact did these writings have on American Culture? How is culture defined or created in the absence of a unifying religion or common ethnic background?

14. Varying Viewpoints
Review Pg
Reform: Who? What? How? And Why?