1. Conjunctions
Language Arts 7

2. Prepositions connect their object with some
other word in the sentence.
The object of the preposition is always a noun or pronoun.
A preposition must be part of a prepositional phrase.
A prepositional phrase starts with the preposition and ends with the object of the preposition

3. Practice: Find the preposition and object(s) of the preposition
The rocket flew off into space.
We looked in the window.
Jack played hard at the checker tournament.
Mrs. Cochren was excited about her upcoming bear hunt.

4. Remember…
You can tell if a word is a preposition by looking for what the word modifies.
Prepositions will be part of a prepositional phrase and have an object.
Adverbs will modify a verb, adjective, or another adverb and have no object.

5. Practice- tell me if the words below are prepositions or adverbs
Umpires stand along the baselines.
We waited for the hot dog vendor to come along.
The umpire ran past quickly.
The ball flew past third base.

6. Umpires stand along the baselines.
Preposition
We waited for the hot dog vendor to come along.
Adverb
The umpire ran past quickly.
The ball flew past third base.

7. Conjunctions Conjunctions connect words or groups of words.
Prepositions connect words, too. How do you think conjunctions are different than prepositions?

8. Conjunctions
Unlike prepositions, conjunctions don’t have objects. Rather, they serve as a way to show a relationship between two words.
Example:
Are you going to Mt. Rushmore or Custer State Park?

9. Conjunctions There are three types of conjunctions:
Coordinating conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions

10. Coordinating conjunctions
Connect words of the same kind, such as nouns, pronouns, verbs, prepositional phrases, or sentences.
Nouns: My cousin and his wife left yesterday for Montana.
Verbs: They printed out directions but forgot to bring them.
Prep. Phr.: Put the luggage on the doorstep or in the garage.
Sentences: Our family wanted to go to Sturgis, but we decided to go to Fargo instead.

11. Coordinating conjunctions
For
And
Nor
But Or
Yet So

12. Practice
Find the coordinating conjunction in the following sentences and tell what is being connected.
Bob and Bill are brothers.
We went to the game, but we didn’t win.

13. Punctuation Note!!! When joining two independent clauses,
notice the comma placement.
I like dogs, and I also like cats.
Do you want coffee, or do you want tea?

14. Correlative Conjunctions
Similar to coordinating conjunctions in that they connect the same type of words, but work in pairs.
both…and
either/neither….or
not only…..but also
whether.....or

15. Correlative Conjunctions
Examples:
We have seen both the Missouri River and the Big Sioux river.
Either you or I will be the leader on the trail.
The sick rhinoceros would neither eat nor drink.

16. Practice
Find the correlative conjunctions in the sentences below and tell me what is being connected:
Either you go or I will.
Not only my mother but also my sister played rugby.

17. Subordinating Conjunctions
Connect things which are not equal. One is less important (subordinate) than the other.
Subordinating conjunctions are in sentences that contain a dependent idea and a main idea. The dependent idea is connected to the main idea by the subordinating conjunction
Subordinating conjunctions always come before the dependent idea in a sentence.

18. One more thing…
The main idea can come at the beginning or end of a sentence.
When the dependent idea comes first, it must be separated from the main idea with a comma.

19. Examples Because it rained all day, our basement filled up with water.
Our basement filled with up with water because it rained all day.

20. Examples I did the planning after he made reservations.
After he made the reservations, I did the planning.

21. Practice
Find the subordinating conjunction in each sentence, then find the dependent and main ideas.
Since you didn’t play, we lost the game.
Jack studied hard so that he could get good grades.

22. Since you didn’t play, we lost the game.
Sub: Since
Dep: you didn’t play
Main: we lost the game
(note the comma)
Jack studied hard so that he could get good grades.
Sub: so that
Dep: he could get good grades
Main: Troy studied hard
(note the lack of a comma)