1. Chapter 1+2

2. Why we have Law Law Why we have laws?
a rule of conduct established by government, for the society to follow and obey
Why we have laws?
Eliminate conflicts and create a safer place (ex. Highway traffic laws)
Protect rights and freedoms (ex. Charter of Rights and Freedoms)
Protect people (ex. Labour laws)

3. Divisions of Law Substantive Law Private(Civil) Law Tort Law
Family Law
Public Law
Criminal Law

4. Public Private (Civil) Criminal Law Tort Family
Offences against society
Society is represented by the Crown, accused by lawyers
Private (Civil)
Tort
One person (business) against another person, business
Family
Relationships between individuals living together or between parents and children

5. Development of Canadian Law
Common Law
Precedent
Something has been done (established) that can later be example or rule on how other things should be done
Case Law
Previous cases used in future cases
Rule of Law
Habeus Corpus
Appear before the courts in a reasonable time
Statue Law
Laws passed by a government body

6. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Ultra Vires – outside the authority of the government (businesses)
Intra Vires – Inside the authority of the government (people)
Section 2 – Fundamental Freedoms
Freedom of Religion
Everyone is free to practice their own religion, without fear of attack
Freedom of Thought, Belief, Opinion, and Expression
Free speech and expressions, with a few exceptions such as hatred towards groups or illicit material
R. V. Keegstra (pg.51)
Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association
Protesting or striking (public demonstrations)

7. Sections 3 – 5 – Democratic Rights Section 6 – Mobility Rights
Right to vote, maximum time between elections, and meeting of parliament
Section 6 – Mobility Rights
Right to enter or leave Canada
Section 7 – 14 – Legal Rights
Seach and seizure, arrest, detention, imprisonment, treatment, etc.
Section 15 – Equality Right
Everyone is equal and has right to equal protection

8. Section 1 – Reasonable Limits Clause Notwithstanding Clause
Can infringe on an individuals rights if it is for the betterment of society
Notwithstanding Clause
Allows the government to enact legislation that violates sections 2 and sections 7-15 of the Charter.
The government simply states they are enacting the Notwithstanding clause
Can be in effect for up to 5 years, but then can be reenacted

9. Human Rights Prejudice Stereotyping Discrimination
Making a judgement about a person who belongs to a certain group. A pre- judgement on the fact that the person belongs to a certain group
Stereotyping
Judging one member of a group and applying that judgement to the entire group
Discrimination
Intentional discrimination
Knowingly discriminates against someone
Unintentional discrimination
Treat others unfairly, but unaware of their actions