1. Amphibians!!!

2. Taxonomy of Amphibians
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Amphibia
Order Urodela
Order Anura
Order Apoda

3. So, what do all amphibians have in common?
They are vertebrates
They are ectothermic
They undergo metamorphosis
They have thin, moist skin for gas exchange
They have 3-chambered hearts to ensure that all body cells receive enough oxygen
They do not have claws
Most rely on water for reproduction
Have eyes, but not very advanced ears

4. If it’s cold outside, amphibians are cold.
ECTOTHERMIC (cold-blooded) - cannot regulate their body temperatures. Their temperature is dependent on the temperature of their environment.
If it’s cold outside, amphibians are cold.

5. METAMORPHOSIS!
Frogs have gills as tadpoles!

6. Order Urodela (formerly Caudata) salamanders and newts

7. Eastern Hellbender
Some have gills, some have lungs, some have both!

8. Tiger Salamander
Newt
Newts have rougher skin and
spend almost all of their adult lives in the water

9. Order Anura toads and frogs
Poison Dart Frogs
Tree Frog

10. Fowler’s Toad calling
Goliath Toad next to fawn
Frog and Toad calls

11. Order Apoda: caecilians
Caecilians are tropical amphibians with small eyes and no limbs. They eat earthworms and invertebrates found in the soil.

12. Class Reptilia

13. Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata. Subphylum Vertebrata. Class Reptilia
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Reptilia Order Squamata (lizards & snakes) Order Testudines (turtles & tortoises) Order Crocodilia (alligators & crocodiles) Order Sphenodonta (tuatara)

14. Characteristics of Reptiles
SCALES - Dry, scaly skin prevents loss of moisture and provides protection from predators.

15. Characteristics of Reptiles
Amniotic Eggs
Amniotic eggs contain amniotic fluid (for protection), provide a source of food (yolk), and surround both with a protective, leathery shell.
Helps prevent injury and dehydration of the embryo as it develops on land.

16. Characteristics of Reptiles
LUNGS - Reptiles have lungs and so they cannot breathe underwater. Because of dry, scaly skin, they cannot carry out gas exchange through their skin like amphibians.
ECTOTHERMIC!

17. Characteristics of Reptiles
Most reptiles have 3-chambered hearts. Some reptiles, like alligators and crocodiles, have 4-chambered hearts.
The 4-chambered hearts separate the oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood. This provides more oxygen to the body’s cells, and therefore provides more energy to the animal.

18. Characteristics of Reptiles
Reptiles have a variety of sense organs that help them to detect danger or food.
Some reptiles have heat-sensing organs.
Some reptiles can pick up chemical molecules with their tongues and use their Jacobson’s organ to determine what they are sensing.

19. Order Squamata (lizards and snakes)
Komodo dragon

20. Panther chameleon

21. Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake

22. Corn snake – a non-aggressive, non-venomous snake that helps keep mice and rat populations under control. (thank you corn snakes!)

23. Order Testudines (turtles & tortoises)
Galapagos Tortoise

24. Eastern Box Turtle

25. Sea Turtle

26. Order Crocodilia (crocodiles & alligators)
American Alligator

27. Nile crocodile
See the baby? --->

28. Most other reptiles like it died out over 100 million years ago!
Order Sphenodonta
Tuatara: an ancient reptile from New Zealand that has teeth fused to the jaws and a very primitive skull.
Most other reptiles like it died out over 100 million years ago!