1. Ions and Ionic Charge
Ions are atoms that have an electrical charge (+/-)
Unstable atoms will want to bond with other unstable atoms; have an electrical charge
Stable atoms will not bond with any other atoms and cannot be charged ions

2. Ions and Ionic Charge Atoms that gain electrons = negative (-) charge
To become stable, atoms need gain or lose electrons
Atom becomes charged
Atoms gain or lose enough electrons so their outer most orbital is full
Atoms that gain electrons = negative (-) charge
Atoms that lose electrons = positive (+) charge

3. Ions and Ionic Charge To determine the ionic charge of an atom:
Find # of protons, neutrons, and electrons
How many electrons fill each orbital? Draw diagram?
Is the atom stable?
Determine what will make the atom stable
Gain 1, 2, 3, etc. electrons?
Lose 1, 2, 3, etc. electrons?
Determine Ionic Charge
Gains e- = -1, -2, -3, etc.
Loses e- = +1, +2, +3, etc.

4. Ionic Charge Example F – Fluorine Atomic Number = 9 Atomic mass = 19
# protons = 9
# electrons = 9
# neutrons = 10
# electrons in the 1st orbital = 2
# electrons in the 2nd orbital = 7
Is it stable? No
Electrons after bond = It gains 1 e-
Ionic Charge = -1 (Easier to gain 1 e-)

5. Ionic Charge Example Al – Aluminum Atomic Number = 13 Atomic mass = 27
# protons = 13
# electrons = 13
# neutrons = 14
# electrons in the 1st orbital = 2
# electrons in the 2nd orbital = 8
# electrons in the 3rd orbital = 3
Is it stable? No
Electrons after bond= It loses 3 e-
Ionic Charge = +3 (Easier to lose 3 e-)

6. Ionic Charge Example Ar – Argon Atomic Number = 18 Atomic mass = 40
# protons = 18
# electrons = 18
# neutrons = 22
# electrons in the 1st orbital = 2
# electrons in the 2nd orbital = 8
# electrons in the 3rd orbital = 8
Is it stable? Yes
Electrons = 18
Ionic Charge = 0 (Outer orbital is full)

7. Ionic Charge Assignments – Due next class
Write down your assigned number and the atomic numbers that correspond with it.
Determine the information about each of your assigned elements on the given paper:
Your #
Atomic #’s 1
2, 3, 7, 11, 17 7
1, 2, 7, 11, 17 2
1, 4, 5, 10, 15 8
3, 4, 8, 10, 14 3
2, 6, 8, 11, 16 9
2, 7, 8, 12, 15 4
3, 6, 10, 12, 17 10
1, 3, 6, 10, 16 5
1, 3, 5, 10, 16 11
2, 4, 5, 12, 15 6
3, 5, 6, 10, 17 12
4, 6, 7, 10, 17