1. MLA: In-text citations and formatting
FOLLOW THE RULES

2. Paraphrasing
When you paraphrase something out of your article in your own words, you still need to cite the source.
In 2016, a successful human/pig embryo grew in a secret lab (Bartleby).
If paraphrased info is more than one sentence, put citation at the end.
In 2016, a successful human/pig embryo grew in a secret lab. The scientists destroyed the embryo after one week (Bartleby).

3. First time you cite an article/person
Always give the speaker’s credibility the first time you cite him/her
Sam Garble, a cloning researcher, says, “
After you’ve introduced: Garble says, “

4. Quoted material
The citation goes after the quotation marks. The period is after the citation.
Opponents to cloning argue that “combining DNA and making hybrid species defies the natural order of the world” (Bartelby).

5. What can ellipses (…) do?

7. What if you don’t know the author?
Then you put the first few words of the title of the article with quotation marks:
“A pig’s DNA has been combined with human DNA in an effort to grow organs” (“Cloning Now”).

8. What is a long quote / block quote?

9. Indirect Quotes
Dr. Smith comments on the harms on animal cloning: “Cloning causes mutations in certain animals” (qtd. in Jones).

10. A great website
Go to OWL Purdue for any questions on formatting.

11. Heading

12. Adding Section Titles Remember to title the sections of your essay.
The guidelines: bold, flush left

13. Section Titles

14. Quotes vs. Italics (Underline)
The overall large work is in italics
Book Titles: The Great Gatsby
Movies: Back to the Future
Plays: A Streetcar Named Desire
Websites: Purdue Online Writing Lab
Music Albums: Stadium Arcadium
TV shows: Stranger Things
Periodicals: Newsweek, Time, Vogue

15. Quotes Smaller works within a larger context have quotation marks
Chapter Titles: “The Evolution Begins”
Articles/pages on a Website: “How to Use MLA”
Song Titles: “Under the Bridge”
Poems: “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
Short Stories: “The Most Dangerous Game”
TV Show Episode Titles: “The Spy” “Dig Dug”
Magazine/Journal Articles: “Rise of the Clone”