1. Semicolons & Colons
NINTH GRADE ENGLISH

2. Semicolons
1. Use a semicolon to join independent clauses that are closely related in meaning.
Examples:
The players should be ready to leave at 10:00; the game begins at noon.
Angie looked out at the downpour; then he put on the raincoat and boots.

3. Semicolons
Use a semicolon between independent clauses joined by a conjunctive adverb or a transitional expression.
Examples:
Emma felt shy; however, she soon made some new friends.
My bird does unusual tricks; for example, he rings a bell and says, “Wow.”

4. Semicolons Conjunctive Adverbs CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS Accordingly
Furthermore
Meanwhile
Otherwise
Also
However
Moreover
Still
Besides
Indeed
Nevertheless
Then
Consequently
Instead
Next
Therefore
Conjunctive
Adverbs

5. Semicolons Transitional Expressions TRANSITIONAL EXPRESSIONS
As a result
For instance
In fact
On the other hand
For example
In addition
That is
In other words

6. Semicolons
Use a semicolon, instead of a comma, to join independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction when the independent clauses already contain commas.
Examples:
Alana, Eric, and Kim voted for her; and Scott, Roland, and Vanessa voted for Jason.
Scanning the horizon for the source of the whirring sound, Pedro saw a huge, green cloud traveling in his direction; and, suddenly recognizing what it was, he knew that crops soon would be eaten by a horde of grasshoppers.

7. Semicolons
Use a semicolon between items in a series IF the items already contain commas.
Examples:
I would like to introduce Mrs. Brady, our mayor; Mr. Bell, her secretary; Ms. Lincoln, the editor of our newspaper; and Mr. Quinn, our guest of honor.
The Photography Club will meet on Wednesday, September 12; Wednesday, September 19; and Tuesday, September 24.

8. Colons Use a colon between the hour and minute
Use a colon between the chapter and verse in a Biblical reference
Use a colon between titles and subtitles
Example:
Whales: Giants of the Sea
Use a colon after the salutation of a business letter

9. Colons Use a colon to mean “note what follows”
Examples:
You will need to bring the following equipment: a sleeping bag, a warm sweater, and extra socks.
Additional supplies are as follows: a toothbrush, toothpaste, a change of clothes, and a pillow.
NEVER USE A COLON AFTER A VERB!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!