1. Human factors
Age and vision

2. Age and vision
20 Year old vision
60 year old vision

3. Population growth segment
75 year old - estimate,
Grandpa hopes this is serious exaggeration!

4. Lens opening with age and time of day
Day (mm)
Night (mm)
Difference 20
4.7
8.0
3.3 40
3.9
6.0
2.1 70
2.7
3.2
0.5
Source: visual expert.com

5. Contrast sensitivity _ increase need compared to 20 year old
Visualexpert.com

6. Additional Visual impacts
Glare
Color Blindness
Greens must be 1.3 times as bright as red to be equally visible (general population)
Loss of field of vision
Motion perception
Mental processing

7. Human factors and signing
Mental Processing
Consider minds processing pattern in next slides

8. Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae

9. The rset can be a ttoal mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm.Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef,  but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig, huh?

10. Human Factors notes Short term memory may be for only 5 to 15 seconds.
Depends on:
(class provide suggestions

11. Potential responses to question
Urgency of the message
Other messages to compete with the original message (information overload)
Original understanding of the message
Word versus symbol
Visual versus audio - (audio is longer)

12. Recall presentation on Mnoady
What were the digits that you were asked to remember? (Those went into short term memory only - and maybe not that well.)
What was the concept or strategy used to help us remember the series of digits?
My expectation: you will remember the strategy - where was that placed?

13. Mental processing time
Data scattered here, but we do know that elderly have more difficulty with:
Judging whether a rear-end collision will occur
Judging correct speed
Braking rapidly
Steering smoothly
Judging when to merge into traffic
Judging when to turn corners

14. Good news
Wisdom of age also means that the bulk of the elderly do make adjustments for their driving deficiencies. They
Adjust speeds
Choose time of day to minimize day / night problems
Travel at off-peak times and travel less
Avoid distractions (cell phones, partying passengers?)
They are only somewhat over-represented by fatalities per population; it is in fatality per mile driven that peaks are most obvious.