1. July 2011
Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Samsungs MAC Proposal for J]
Date Submitted: [5 July 2011]
Source: [Seung-Hoon Park, Jae-Seung Son, Kiran Bynam, Ranjeet.K.Patro, Taehan Bae, Thenmozhi Arunan, Dr.Euntae Won], Company [Samsung Electronics1]
[Jung-hwan Hwang, Sung-weon Kang], Company [ETRI2]
Address [416, Maetan-3Dong, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, , Korea]
Voice:[ ], FAX: [ ],
{416, Maetan-3dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, , South Korea}{ }{ }
{138 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon, , South Korea} { }{ }
Re: [Call for Proposals, March 2011]
[If this is a response to a Call for Contributions, cite the name and date of the Call for Contributions to which this document responds, as well as the relevant item number in the Call for Contributions.]
[Note: Contributions that are not responsive to this section of the template, and contributions which do
not address the topic under which they are submitted, may be refused or consigned to the “General Contributions” area.]
Abstract: [This document describes the Samsungs MAC Proposal to j]
Purpose: [For consideration by TG 4j group]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

2. July 2011
MAC Proposal for IEEE J
Seung-Hoon Park, Jae-Seung Son, Kiran Bynam, Ranjeet K. Patro, Thenmozhi Arunan, Dr. Euntae Won
Jung-hwan Hwang, Sung-weon Kang
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

3. Outline Technical Requirements MAC Requirements Proposed ideas Summary
July 2011
Outline
Technical Requirements
MAC Requirements
Proposed ideas
Easy Pairing
Service based Discovery
Mutual Broadcast Period
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Congestion Avoidance
Coordinator Switching
Summary
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

4. Technical Requirements and scope
July 2011
Technical Requirements and scope
PHY and MAC amendment for for support of medical devices in MBAN spectrum
Secondary usage of MBAN spectrum
Reusability of protocol and PHY to enable the shifting of spectrum to 2.4 GHz ISM band in case of congestion in MBAN spectrum
Spectrum usage limited to data transmission intended for diagnosis, treatment of patients
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

5. MAC Requirements Low power consumption QoS for medical data Mobility
July 2011
MAC Requirements
Low power consumption
Low duty cycling
QoS for medical data
Enhanced channel access scheme
Robust mesh networking
Mobility
Seamless monitoring
Support for easy pairing
Intuitive/autonomous device discovery
simple association procedure
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

6. Easy Pairing Usage scenario
July 2011
Easy Pairing
Usage scenario
A medical expert wants to connect sensors to a patient, but monitoring device is far from the patient
Medical Expert
Far from a patient
Patient
Monitoring Device
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

7. Easy Pairing Usage scenario
July 2011
Easy Pairing
Usage scenario
So the medical expert uses portable device to get patient record and connect sensors by touch-based communication (e.g. NFC) to the healthcare system of the patient
Medical Expert
Far from a patient
Patient
Monitoring Device
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

8. Easy Pairing Required functions
July 2011
Easy Pairing
Required functions
Portable device intermediates pairing procedure between coordinator and sensor devices
Coordinator grants association authority to the portable device with required information
Coordinator allows association request for sensors from the portable device
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

9. Easy Pairing Problem Solution July 2011 Desirable Link
Monitoring Device 1
Patient 1
Medical Expert
Monitoring Device 2
Patient 2
Sensor
Undesirable Link
Desirable Link
Monitoring Device 1
Patient 1
Medical Expert
Monitoring Device 2
Patient 2
Sensor 1 2 3
Granting Association Authority
Intermediating data for pairing
Connection establishment j
NFC, RFID, etc
&
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

10. Easy Pairing Coordinator Portable Device Sensor Device July 2011
Grant Association
Proxy Authority
Get Patient ID
Pairing procedure
Association Information Request
Association Information Response
*Association Proxy Request may have information such as Portable Device ID, Patient ID, Sensor Device Information List, etc
Association Proxy Request*
Association Proxy Response
Association Response
: j new command
: NFC, RFID, etc
: reuse
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

11. Service based Discovery
July 2011
Service based Discovery
Motivation
There may be many different types of coordinators
Sensor may consume much power to scan and connect all coordinators, and find the proper one according to service type
Solution
Service ID in Beacon frame
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

12. Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP)
July 2011
Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP)
Objectives
Enhanced channel access scheme
Load balancing to avoid much back-offs
To inform additional information such as queue length among devices
Required functions
Additional period using CSMA-CA for mutual broadcasting among devices B
MBP
CAP
Inactive Period B
Active Period
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

13. Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP)
July 2011
Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP) B
MBP
CAP
Device 1
Coordinator
E-CAP
Device 2
Device 3
Device 4 Q X
Device 5
N-CAP
B-CAP
CAZ 1
CAZ 2
CAZ 3
CAZ 4
CAZ 5
CAZ 6
MBZ 1 2 3 4 5 6
*Q: QoS information broadcast (queue length, etc)
*E-CAP (Exclusive CAP), N-CAP (Normal CAP), B-CAP (Background CAP)
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

14. Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP)
July 2011
Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP)
Operation
Device broadcasts short QoS information (using CSMA-CA with shorter back-off slot length) during MBZ(Mutual Broadcast Zone) which is selected to notify the intention of access to corresponding CAZ(Contention Access Zone)
Device can select one or multiple of MBZs/CAZs according to traffic demand
MBZ 1
MBZ 2
Mini backoff slot
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

15. Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP)
July 2011
Mutual Broadcast Period (MBP)
3 different types of CAPs
Exclusive CAP
for device which broadcasts successfully at MBZ
Normal CAP
for device which just listens during corresponding MBZ when nobody broadcasts successfully
same as original CAP
Background CAP
for device which failed at all trials over MBP
Greedy level of CSMA-CA transmission
Exclusive CAP > Normal CAP > background CAP
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

16. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Motivation
Nonbeacon mode is useful for low power consumption and simplicity
However, Nonbeacon mode has low performance due to asynchrony within devices
Solution
Synchronized channel access mechanism at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

17. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Approach for synchronization
Not MAC-level synchronization
No timestamp
No packet exchange within devices  a little error from delay
PHY-level synchronization
Using known symbols (e.g. sync symbols)
Low power consumption & fast convergence
E.g. Pulse-Coupled Oscillator synchronization
[Reference] R. E. Mirollo and S. H. Strogatz, “Synchronization of pulse-coupled biological oscillators,” Journal on Applied Mathematics, vol. 50, pp. 1645–1662, Dec
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

18. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
* Pulse-Coupled Oscillator (PCO)
PCO In-phase Synchronization
(a) Each oscillator has its own phase and firing frequency with same period T.
(b) Oscillator B receives positive stimulus and promote firing frequency, oscillator E receives negative stimulus and repress the firing frequency.
(c) After iterations, the phase between each oscillator becomes equal and in-phase synchronization is realized.
Fire A B C D E
<PCO In-phase Synchronization>
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

19. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
PCO Anti-phase Synchronization
(a) Each oscillator has its own phase and firing frequency with same period T.
(b) Oscillator B receives positive stimulus and promote firing frequency, oscillator E receives negative stimulus and repress the firing frequency.
(c) After iterations, the phase offset between each oscillator becomes equal and anti-phase synchronization is realized.
Fire A B C D E
<PCO Anti-phase Synchronization>
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

20. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Unslotted CSMA-CA
Using PCO anti-phase synchronization
A’s CAP
E’s CAP
D’s CAP
C’s CAP
B’s CAP
Anti-sync word A E B D C
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

21. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Unslotted CSMA-CA
Each device calculates its own CAP duration based on neighbor devices’ firing time
For example, device A detects the timing of its next firing during the previous period
Device A decides its own CAP from A’s firing to next firing (E’s firing)
E’s firing may be changed but only backwards
So A’s CSMA-CA transmission will not affect E’s operation
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

22. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Slotted CSMA-CA
Using both PCO in-phase & anti-phase synchronization
A’s CAP
E’s CAP
D’s CAP
C’s CAP
B’s CAP
Anti-sync Word A
Sync Word E D C B
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

23. Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
July 2011
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA at Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Slotted CSMA-CA
Each device calculates its own CAP duration based on neighbor devices’ firing time of Anti-sync Word (The method is same as unslotted CSMA-CA case)
Each device refer the firing time of Sync-word of its own, as the back-off slot boundary
All Sync-word and related oscillators’ phase are going into same phase, and finally converged
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

24. Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
July 2011
Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
Data transmission H C F A B G
Congestion arises at Node B D E
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

25. Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
July 2011
Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
Problem
a relay node receives data from a plurality of sensor nodes at the same time, congestion arises due to the bottleneck of buffer overflow
Solution
a relay node broadcasts a response signal comprising congestion-related information with respect to data transmitted to the relay node from a certain sensor node, and then adjacent sensor nodes learn the state of the certain sensor node by referring to the congestion-related information comprised in the response signal
Congestion related information (4 levels)
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

26. Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
July 2011
Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
Data transmission H
Congestion Avoidance Response C F A B G D E
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

27. Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
July 2011
Congestion Avoidance at Relay Node
Data transmission H
Congestion Avoidance Response C F A B G D E
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

28. Coordinator Switching
July 2011
Coordinator Switching
Device
(FFD)
Device
(RFD)
Coordinator 1
Coordinator 2
Device
(RFD)
Device
(RFD)
Device
(FFD)
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

29. Coordinator Switching
July 2011
Coordinator Switching
Proactive approach
Motivation
The method which can promptly replace the present coordinator with another device if an unexpected situation happens so that the present coordinator cannot suddenly broadcast a sync signal
Operation
1) selecting a coordinator that broadcasts a sync signal for synchronizing network
2) selecting devices and setting a priority of the selected replacement coordinators
3) transmitting the priority to the selected replacement coordinator
4) if the sync signal is not broadcast for a predetermined time, the replacement coordinator becomes a new coordinator in accordance with the set priority
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

30. Coordinator Switching
July 2011
Coordinator Switching
Active approach
Motivation
The method that can broadcast information for changing coordinator operation, after checking channel degradation or PAN ID confliction
Operation
1-1) when bad channel status is reported from device or checked by coordinator, or
1-2) when PAN ID conflict notification command is received from device
2) deciding coordinator operation changing
3) Change information (channel number, PAN ID, etc) is broadcasted in beacon frame with coordinator realignment command
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>

31. Summary Low power consumption QoS for medical data Mobility
July 2011
Summary
Low power consumption
Low duty cycling
QoS for medical data
Enhanced channel access scheme
Robust mesh networking
Mobility
Seamless monitoring
Support for easy pairing
Intuitive/autonomous device discovery
simple association procedure
Mutual Broadcast Period
Unslotted & Slotted CSMA-CA for Nonbeacon-enabled PAN
Congestion Avoidance
Coordinator Switching
Proxy Association procedure
Service based Discovery
<Seung-Hoon Park>, <Samsung Electronics>