1. Nationalism and Sectionalism in the Economy and Society
Objective 2.03

2. Technological Advances
Caused more sectionalism b/c it helped to bring on the 1st Industrial Revolution
Samuel Morse perfected the telegraph in 1832 by developing the Morse code
Eli Whitney popularized interchangeable parts

3. Expansion of slavery

4. Cotton gin

5. The Cotton Belt by 1850

6. Technological Advances for the South and West
John Deere developed a plow in 1837 that cut cleanly allowing for labor time in fields to be lowered
Cyrus McCormick patented a mechanical reaper in 1834, allowing more harvesting of grain with less effort

7. Advances in Water Transportation
Robert Fulton stunned the nation when the Clermont, a steamboat, traveled up the Hudson River from NYC to Albany in 32 hours
Success of steamboat brought many canals, the Erie Canal was completed in 1825.

8. Advances on Land Roads and turnpikes were being built as early as 1811
Railroads appear in the early 1800s. They helped to:
Transport settlers west
Expand trade between the nations different regions

9. National Road et al.

10. Cotton Kingdom South was still relying on the Plantation System
Cotton gin allowed the South to produce cotton much faster and keep up with the industrial markets in North and Europe

11. Cotton Kingdom cont.
Slave women worked along w/ men in fields, maintained homes, and raised families
By age of 8, slave children were expected to work

12. Industrial North
Produced textiles at an extremely fast rate with the factory system.
Growing numbers of immigrants to North provided for cheap labor.
Women and children worked in factories.

14. Slater’s factory

15. Lowell Mills

16. Industrial North cont.
Many who were farmers in the North fled to cities to work in industry
Middle and upper class that lived in cities now migrated to outskirts
Middle and upper class men supported families while women ran the households and raised the children

17. Industrial North cont.
Although most African Americans in North were free, they were not given same rights
They were usually segregated and not allowed to vote
Riots over jobs often occurred between African Americans and poor whites

18. Nativism The hostility towards foreigners by those already in an area
Catholics were targeted against the most
Groups were formed to push for laws banning immigrants and Catholics from holding office

19. American Party July 1854-Nativists formed the American Party
Membership was secret and when a member was asked about the party his response would be “I know nothing”
Party was nicknamed the “Know-Nothings”