1. 13.1 The Structure of DNA I. _____: The Genetic Material
A. _________are the instructions for inherited _________.
B. Before the _______ we didn’t know what _________ were made of.
C. __________
1. Deoxyribonucleic _______
a. the primary material in _______ that causes recognizable, inheritable ______________

2. b. made up of _____ different subunits
c. early scientists thought it too ______ to be _________ material
II. Searching for the Genetic Material
A. ______ Frederick __________, an English public health ______________
1. Working with __________ – a substance of killed or weakened microorganisms used in the body to produce __________
2. Chose ______ strains of _________

3. a. the S-type had a ________ that. made it ________ – able to cause
a. the S-type had a ________ that made it ________ – able to cause disease & the R-type had no __________
3. The Experiment
a. S-type ________ mice but did not when it was __________ killed
b. R-type did not _____ mice, when _______ with heat killed S-type it became ___________
1. This proved that R-type underwent a ______________
4. _____ it was announced that _____ was genetic material

5. B. 1940’s, Oswald ________
1. Wanted to determine whether the transforming agent was ______, ______, or ______.
2. Concluded that _____ is responsible for transformation.
C. _________ and ________
conducted an experiment with bacteriophage – _____ that infects _________
a. T2 bacteriophage attaches to bacteria and injects ________ info.

6. b. Once inside bacteria, virus. _________ hundreds of itself &
b. Once inside bacteria, virus _________ hundreds of itself & eventually cause the bacteria to ________
c. DNA contains ___________ – given __________ treatment to track
d. Protein has ______ – given ___________ treatment to track
2. Radioactive ___________ found inside bacteria after experiment
3. Proved that _____ was genetic info carrier and not _________

7. III. The Shape of DNA
A. ______________
1. long thin molecule that makes up ______
2. ____ parts
a. ___________ group
b. ___ carbon sugar – called deoxyribose c. _________ base – could be one of four
1. Purines – has double carbon ring
a. _________
b. _________
2. Pyrimidines – has single carbon ring

8. B. Erwin Cargaff created base paring rules
1. adenine --- ___________
2. guanine ---- __________
IV. Discovering DNA’s Structure
A Maurice _________ and Rosalind __________ use x-ray _____________
1. determine that DNA is a __________ _________ of 2 or 3 coiled chains
B ____________ and __________
1. discovered 3 dimensional double helix or “__________ ____________”
2. DNA looks like twisted __________
3. Each side of the ladder is ______________
ex.- T C G A A C T
__ __ __ __ __ ___ ___