1. Causes of the Civil War
Summary Slides

2. Compromise of 1850
-Wilmot Proviso tried to block slavery in old Mexican areas but is defeated in Congress
-California applies for statehood
debate begins and Clay organizes compromise
-California admitted as free state
-South gets stronger Fugitive law
-Popular Sovereignty to help decide future cases of slavery

3. Fugitive Slave Law
-allowed slave catchers to go into free areas and capture runaway slaves
-made it a crime to help any runaway
-suspected slaves need not be given a trial or a chance to testify

4. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
-Harriet Beecher Stowe
-depicted evil side of slavery to the public
“Uncle Tom”
“Simon Legree”
-1852, sold over a million copies

5. Kansas-Nebraska Act
popular sovereignty passed as law in 1850 compromise to determine slavery
-rush to populate state with “voters” for each side
-”bleeding Kansas”
slavery and abolitionist forces resort to violence
-A fight in the U.S. Senate
Preston Brooks v.Charles Sumner

6. Dred Scott v. Sanford
-Scott is a slave
-he is taken into free states
-sues for freedom based on NW Ordinance and Missouri Compromise
-Supreme Court (majority of southern justices) rules:
Blacks are not citizens
Can’t ban slavery
Missouri Comp. is illegal

7. Development of Republican Party
-Slavery had come to dominate the differences in the parties
-by 1850 the differences had peaked so that anti-slavery Whigs, Democrats, and Free-Soilers formed a new anti-slavery party
-official party policy was to oppose the growth of slavery where it did not exist.

8. Lincoln-Douglas Debates
-Senate race in 1858
Stephen Douglas (Dem),
Abraham Lincoln (Rep.)
-debate over slavery issues
neither man wanted slavery in the area, but how to do it?
-Douglas issues Freeport Doctrine
Slavery needs certain laws in order to exist. Don’t pass those laws and there will be no slavery
-Douglas wins the election, Lincoln gains national fame

9. Lincoln-Douglas Debates
-Senate race in 1858
Stephen Douglas (Dem),
Abraham Lincoln (Rep.)
-debate over slavery issues
neither man wanted slavery in the area, but how to do it?
-Douglas issues Freeport Doctrine
Slavery needs certain laws in order to exist. Don’t pass those laws and there will be no slavery
-Douglas wins the election, Lincoln gains national fame

10. John Brown’s Raid -John Brown was an extreme abolitionist
-captured Harper’s Ferry military installation in Virginia with intent to arm slaves
-surrounded and forced to surrender
-Brown found guilty at trial and then hanged--becomes a martyr for many abolitionists
-Many Southerners thought Brown represented northerners who wanted to control the southern lifestyle and economy

11. Southern Secession
-1860 election
-slavery divided the parties
-Lincoln pledges to stop spread of slavery but not to interfere with the south
Lincoln wins election with no southern electoral votes
-Southern states secede in fear of gov’t where they have no voice
-S.C. first to secede, 6 others follow
-Confederate States of America formed before Lincoln takes office
-Jefferson Davis elected Confederate President -