1. RECONSTRUCTION – ISSUES AND Questions TO CONSIDER WHEN CREATING A RECONSTRUCTION PLAN:
To punish or not to punish the South – how to reconstruct this Union?
Rebuilding Southern Economy and Infrastructure
Re-entry of individuals and/or states into the Union
Housing/land/education opportunities for former slaves and poor whites in the south?
Who fills vacant congressional seats?
Ensuring civil and voting rights of all African- Americans?

2. LINCOLN’S PLAN PROCLAMATION OF AMNESTY AND RECONSTRUCTION (1863)
10% POPULATION TAKES OATH OF LOYALTY TO U.S.
PRESIDENTIAL PARDONS TO THOSE WHO TOOK THE OATH
STATE’S NEW CONSTITUTION HAD TO ABOLISH SLAVERY
ANNOUNCED PLAN AS EARLY AS 1863
VERY MODERATE PLAN & VERY LENIENT
HOPED LENIENCY WOULD END THE WAR, BRING STATES BACK FROM THE REBELLION, END SLAVERY, AND CREATE UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE FOR AFRICAN-AMERICANS

3. CONGRESS : WADE-DAVIS BILL
INTRODUCED IN 1864
HARSH/PUNITIVE PLAN - RADICAL REPUBLICANS (UNDER LEADERSHIP OF THADDEUS STEVENS)
DEMANDED LAND, RIGHTS, AND VOTE FOR AFRICAN-AMERICANS
50% (PLUS ONE) OF WHITE MALE POPULATION MUST TAKE LOYALTY OATH
ONLY MALE CITIZENS WHO NEVER AIDED IN THE REBELLION COULD VOTE & HOLD OFFICE
RELIED ON THE FEDERAL COURTS TO PROTECT AND GIVE RIGHTS TO THE AFRICAN-AMERICANS
LINCOLN’S POCKET VETO KILLED THE BILL
Thaddeus Stevens, Radical Republican

4. JOHNSON’S PLAN PROCLAMATION ISSUED IN MAY, 1865
BACKROUND AFFECTED HIS PLAN (DEMOCRAT & THE COMMON (white) MAN)
HE HAD LITTLE SYMPATHY FOR WEALTHY PLANTERS OR FOR AFRICAN-AMERICANS
GENERALPARDON TO THOSE WHO TOOK THE OATH, EXCEPT WEALTHY PLANTERS AND CONFEDERATE LEADERS, WHO HAD TO APPEAL TO PRESIDENT JOHNSON DIRECTLY
TO BE READMITTED, STATE HAD TO RATIFY THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT (ABOLISHED SLAVERY)
HOPED TO SWAY POWER FROM RICH TO POOR FARMERS IN THE SOUTH
PLAN WAS NOT WELL RECEIVED BY CONGRESS -NEW (SOUTHERN )STATE GOVERNMENTS COULD HOLD THE BELIEF THAT IT’S A WHITE MAN’S GOVERNMENT, ALLOWING THE READMITTED STATES MUCH LEWAY IN RESTRICTING THE RIGHTS OF NEWLY EMANCIPATED SLAVES

5. ENTRY #2
Using the map on page 275 of your text book, answer the following questions regarding Military Reconstruction, :
In What year was North Carolina readmitted into the Union?
Who was the Union General in Charge of North Carolina
Which rebellious state was readmitted to the Union first? Why?

6. Military Reconstruction (1867-1877)
PASSED BY RADICAL REPUBLICAN-LED CONGRESS IN RESPONSE TO JOHNSON’S LENIENT PLAN (AND TO THE RESULTING BLACK CODES BEING PASSED BY SOUTHERN STATE LEGISLATURES), AND PASSED OVER JOHNSON’S VETO…OVERLAID JOHNSON’S PLAN,
DIVIDED REMAINING 10 SOUTHERN STATES (-TENN.) INTO 5 MILITARY DISTRICTS, EACH GOVERNED BY A FORMER US GENERAL
STATE CONSTITUTION MUST GUARANTEE AFRICAN- AMERICAN MALE SUFFRAGE AND STATE HAD TO RATIFY 14TH AMENDMENT TO REGAIN ADMITTANCE TO UNION
BARRED LEADING CONFEDERATE OFFICIALS FROM HOLDING STATE OR FEDERAL PUBLIC OFFICE, DESPITE JOHNSON’S PRESIDENTIAL PARDONS

7. ENTRY #3
1) Answer the questions on the sheet with this Thomas Nast Political Cartoon. 2) Then Answer the following question: What is the Meaning of Freedom?

8. Reconstruction Amendments (13th – 15th)
Freedman’s Bureau Black Codes; RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS, Civil rights actS; & The Compromise of 1877
Freedman’s Bureau ( )
Black Codes
Reconstruction Amendments (13th – 15th)
Civil Rights Acts (1866 and 1875)
Compromise of 1877

9. Sharecropping , SHARE-TENANCY, And Tenant-Farming
Most common form of farming post civil war, since neither landowners nor farm workers (black or white) had much money/cash
Landowners dictated the crop (usually cotton) and provided tools, housing and seed, in return for a “share” of the Crop (often 50%)
SHARE –TENANCY
Much like sharecropping, except that farm worker used own supplies, so decided what crop to farm (so could grow food for family as well as cash crop), and would pay for use of land with “share” of the crop
TENANT –FARMING
Tenant paid cash rent for use of land, thus was free to live where he wanted and was free to choose and manage own crops

10. VIOLENCE and INTIMIDATION
In the wake of political, economic, and social turmoil in the nation after the Civil War, and
In this atmosphere of the Federal government passing legislation protecting African- American rights and suffrage, while state legislators in the south were busy passing Black Codes, to void the same African- American rights, violence and intimidation by whites against blacks became the norm : The KKK is born.
Enforcement Act of 1870 was the Federal Response
(Aftershock: Beyond the Civil War )
(Intro )
(Episode 5)

11. SCALAWAGS AND CARPETBAGGERS
Scalawags (originally a term meaning worthless livestock), referred to a group of white Republican Southerners who emphasize with the federal Reconstruction. Some of the scalawags were above board and being opposed the Confederacy in earlier times and later wanted a new South to emerge from the ruins. Others cooperated with or served in the Republican governments in order to advance themselves of money making events.
Carpetbaggers: white business people from the North who moved to the South during Reconstruction. Many of them were former abolitionists who wished to continue the struggle for equality. Others saw the reconstruction of the South as a political or economic opportunity