1. Programming Transnational Cooperation in Future ESF. Why not ?
It would assist professionals to improve their practice and work skills beyond what would be possible nationally. –WISER UK/DE/FR partnership
It would increase the potential impact at the local, regional and national levels due to the status and credibility achieved through involving actors from abroad. –Dasrie UK/DE/FR/IT partnership
It would give a European dimension to the challenging work of moving towards the objectives of the Lisbon agenda at all levels.
It would offer alternative perspectives on relevant issues in each Member State and thereby stimulate new ideas and solutions.
It would improve the collaboration skills through the learning process that transnational cooperation creates. Work 4 net FI/IT/DE/UK partnership
It would empower and motivate participants and spur further action. –Ecco SW/UK/ES/FR/IT partnership
It would enable solutions and ideas to be used more widely through sharing of experience and expertise on common problems.
It would encourage the establishment of formal and informal European networks between actors. X-train SE/UKgb/IT/NL/PT partnership or the network of exoffenders that was created.

2. Programming Transnational Cooperation Levels of Implementation
Levels of support
Project level (between projects in different MS) (like DPs in EQUALl)
Networks and/or Institutions at regional or national level. (National Thematic Networks for example)
Inter-regional collaboration (between actors from a common regional area with other areas) (similar to regional partnerships in Equal)
National level (Between Managing Authorities and between other National organisations in several MS) (Like MA meetings or MS led fora like the Baltic Sea meetings in EQUAL or the TN Working group)
Additional structural support for the transnational process (for example, the provision of a national coordinator for transnationality, who could subsume some of the functions of the current National Support Structures) (Like the Transnational network and clearing house used in Equals second round)
Scope of Support
Transnational activities at the levels listed above should be eligible under both a dedicated priority and as a crosscutting funding possibility in all other priorities. This approach is equal to the approach towards gender equality in the present Equal programme.

3. Programming Transnational Cooperation Options for Implementation
Transnationality as an eligible expenditure in all priorities:
Pros
Enables transnational exchanges on HR issues to take place in all priorities also between regions
Allows for benchmarking outside traditional context
Provides a flexible approach to programming
Gives MS a chance to disseminate promising results also at EU level independent on funding priority.
Cons
Capacity to manage Transnational dimension at different levels may vary and affect results
Transnationality as a special priority:
Pros
Gives a higher ESF intervention rate for that priority.
Enables concentration of expertise in specific projects selected for transnational work and exchange
Allows flexibility on types of transnational collaboration
Opens for structured benchmarking and learning between MS
Cons
Risks creating a divide between national and european results

4. Programming Transnational Cooperation Conclusions
Transnationality as a special priority and a cross-cutting possibility at programme level
Transnationality as an option for projects early or later in their development work
Providing sufficient support through Technical Assistance in MS
Build in a self generating learning mechanism to facilitate improvement and problemsolving handled by a network of MS
”It is a central part of the programme not only to ”go abroad” but to establish joint
transnational collaboration focused on results to benifit all participating partners.”
Final evaluation of Swedish independent national evaluators of EQUAL 2005.

5. Programming Transnational Cooperation The advantages we expect
A more well functioning dynamic between development actors at several levels on employment and inclusion in the EU.
A policy support to the Lisbon objectives based on tested and proven practice in reality in more than only one Member State.
A catalyst to keep a high quality in national activities through benchmarking and of good practice.
A flexible approach for MS to maintain a European dimension in the ESF implementation at every level from project to programme.