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Pure substances and mixtures
Part 2
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MIXTURES are MORE THAN ONE INGREDIENT...like 14kt gold
draw this 2+ 1 1 CANNOT be separated physically
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HOMOGENOUS mixtures LOOK PURE because they look the same throughout
2+ 1 1 CANNOT be separated physically LOOK pure
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Mixing other metals in with a 100% pure sample makes an alloy mixture.
24KT gold is 100% gold, 14KT gold is only 60% gold.
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BRONZE like 14 K gold is a HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE because it’s mixes two metals but looks the same throughout? bronze is a mixture of copper & and tin… Cu Sn
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BRONZE mixes two metal ingredients that if melted down slowly, would separate.
Copper and tin DO NOT share any __________ electrons Cu + Sn
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BRONZE mixes two metal ingredients that if melted down slowly, would separate.
Because copper and tin do NOT share any valence electrons Cu + Sn
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HOMOGENOUS mixtures LOOK PURE, BUT are made of a MIX of MORE THAN ONE INGREDIENT.
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HOMOGENOUS mixtures LOOK PURE, BUT are made of a MIX of MORE THAN ONE INGREDIENT.
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HOMOGENOUS mixtures LOOK PURE but are still made of more than 1 substance.
2+ 1 1 CANNOT be separated physically SOLUTIONS (solutes com- pletely dissolve in solvents) ALLOYS (smooth, METAL mixture) LOOK pure
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Which one really is pure?
PURE DARK CHOCOLATE? PURE CANOLA OIL?
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The secret to distinguishing homogenous mixtures from pure substances always comes down counting your ingredients!
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DARK CHOCOLATE is a homogenous mixture, canola oil is only one complex molecule!
PURE DARK CHOCOLATE? PURE CANOLA OIL?
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PURE DARK CHOCOLATE--NO
DARK CHOCOLATE is a homogenous mixture, canola oil is only one complex molecule! PURE DARK CHOCOLATE--NO PURE CANOLA OIL= C15H24
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Which one really is pure???
PURE CORNSTARCH? PURE ORANGE JUICE?
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Cornstarch is just one compound, Orange juice IS A MIX OF water, vitamin C and more!
PURE CORNSTARCH—YES!! PURE ORANGE JUICE- no!!
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Cornstarch is just one compound, Orange juice IS A MIX OF water, vitamin C and more!
PURE CORNSTARCH: C24H48O20 PURE ORANGE JUICE- no!!
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refer to vinegar, bleach and water pH manipulative up front.
If it LOOKS pure but has two or more ingredients, it’s a homogenous mixture LOOK FOR the SIGNS in chemistry! refer to vinegar, bleach and water pH manipulative up front.
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Is BRONZE is a homogenous mixture of Copper atoms an Tin atoms!
it look’s pure, but it ain’t. Cu Sn
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Are we pure substances or mixtures?
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Of course, we are mixtures of countless types of matter
Of course, we are mixtures of countless types of matter. Are we HOMOGENOUS mixtures?
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HETEROGENOUS mixtures LOOK DIFFERENT THROUGHOUT & more CLEARLY SHOW they are made from MIXTURES of more than 1 ingredient
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HETEROGENOUS mixtures definitely LOOK like they are made of more than 1 substance.
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Go back to your flow chart…
EZ to see 2+ ingredients 2+ 1 1 CANNOT be separated physically SOLUTIONS (solutes com- pletely dissolve in solvents) ALLOYS (smooth, METAL mixture) EZ to see 2+ ingredients LOOK pure
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hetergenous mixture….d’uh
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Some HETEROGENOUS mixtures that can look like HOMOgenous mixture if shaken are called SUSPENSIONS.
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Heterogenous suspensions have particles that settle at the bottom.
2+ 1 1 CANNOT be separated physically SOLUTIONS (solutes com- pletely dissolve in solvents) ALLOYS (smooth, metal mixture) EZ to see different types of matter Suspensions (particles settle)
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GOT THIS ALL? 2+ 1 1 CANNOT be separated physically
SOLUTIONS (solutes com- pletely dissolve in solvents) ALLOYS (smooth, metal mixture) EZ to see different types of matter Suspensions (particles settle)
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show examples
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Cool REVIEW quiz…
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Show examples have students guess…
Peanut butter Dressings Baking soda Rock candy Rock Gypsum crystal Chips Nougat Soda OJ chocolate
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Test for understanding…
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Are the following examples PURE MATTER, or HOMOGENOUS or HETEROGENOUS MIXTURES?
draw this
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CLEAN AIR?
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Clean air is a HOMOGENOUS mixture of Nitrogen gas, Oxygen gas and Argon, plus some water vapor, carbon dioxide. draw this clean air
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BEACH SAND
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Beach sand is a HETEROGENOUS MIXTURE of compounds--mostly SiO2 & CaCO3 (shells).
draw this clean air beach sand
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Sand (just sand)
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Pure sand is PURE MATTER of only SiO2 & is used to make clear glass.
draw this clean air beach sand
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Pure sand is a PURE COMPOUND of only SiO2 & is used to make clear glass.
draw this clean sand bronze beach sand
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Ozone found in our upper atmosphere?
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Ozone (O3) is a molecule of a PURE ELEMENT and blocks deadly UV rays from the sun.
draw this clean sand ozone clean air beach sand
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US?
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Humans (in fact anything alive) is a complex HETEROGENOUS MIXTURE.
draw this clean sand ozone clean air beach sand living things
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Baking soda?
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Baking soda is a PURE COMPOUND of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
draw this clean sand ozone clean air beach sand baking soda (aka sodium bicarbonate) living things
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Sulfur?
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Sulfur is number 16 on our periodic table. It is a PURE ELEMENT.
draw this clean sand ozone clean air beach sand baking soda sulfur living things
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When ____________ dissolve in _____________ we make solutions!
What about SOLUTIONS? When ____________ dissolve in _____________ we make solutions!
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What about SOLUTIONS? When solutes dissolve in
solvents we make solutions!
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SOLUTIONS are homogenous mixtures. (scale dependent)
draw this clean sand ozone bronze beach sand baking soda (aka sodium bicarbonate) clean air sulfur living things OJ with pulp SOLUTIONS
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What about turbid water?
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Turbid water has all sorts of things you can see SUSPENDED in it!
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SUSPENSIONS are one type of heterogenous mixture that settle into layers.
draw this sand bronze beach sand ozone baking soda clean air living things sulfur OJ with pulp SOLUTIONS SUSPENSIONS
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Are you getting the idea?
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Are you getting the idea?
How about wood, your cotton t-shirt, salt water, milk, plastic, our air… Are you getting the idea?
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MOST THINGS ARE MIXTURES--unless they are made of only one ingredient (these are pure)!
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hand out mixtures worksheet
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