1. Drugs for Treating Opioid-Induced Constipation: A Mixed Treatment Comparison Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials 
Kannan Sridharan, MD, DM, Gowri Sivaramakrishnan, MDS 
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 
Volume 55, Issue 2, Pages e1 (February 2018)
DOI: /j.jpainsymman
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
PRISMA flow chart. A total of 218 articles were obtained, of which finally 23 were included in the systematic review and 21 in the meta-analysis.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , e1DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Risk of bias of the included studies. Low risk of bias was observed in majority of the studies in all the domains.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , e1DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Network plot. All the active interventions evaluated in the present meta-analysis for the primary outcome were compared through the common comparator arm which is placebo.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , e1DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Assessment of funnel plot for publication bias. Two studies were identified to be missing by Trim and Fill method of analysis for the comparison of subcutaneous methyl naltrexone with placebo for rescue-free bowel movements.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , e1DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Forest plot of mixed treatment comparison estimates for proportion of patients with rescue-free bowel movements (RFBM) compared with placebo. All the interventions were observed to perform better in terms of proportion of patients with RFBM compared with placebo.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , e1DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
Forest plot of mixed treatment comparison estimates for the use of rescue laxatives. Subcutaneous methyl naltrexone, naldemedine, and alvimopan were associated with significant reduction in the requirement of laxatives.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , e1DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 7
Forest plot of the mixed treatment comparison estimates for adverse events. Lubiprostone and naldemedine were observed with significantly increased risk of adverse events.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , e1DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Terms and Conditions