1. Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Operation for Interruption of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Adults 
Jaw-Ji Chu, MD, Chau-Hsiung Chang, MD, Pyng Jing Lin, MD, Hui-Ping Liu, MD, Feng-Chun Tsai, MD, Delon Wu, MD, Cheng-Wen Chiang, MD, Fen-Chiung Lin, MD, Peter P.C Tan, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 63, Issue 1, Pages (January 1997)
DOI: /S (96)

2. Fig. 1
Intraoperative video-assisted thoracoscopic view of patent ductus arteriosus ligation. The mediastinal pleura was suspended, and the vagus nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and patent ductus arteriosus were identified and dissected.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (96) )

3. Fig. 2
Patent ductus arterosus was triply ligated under video- assisted thoracoscopy using instrumental tie technique and a tie pusher.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (96) )