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2. Resources Chapter Presentation Bellringers Image Bank
Standards Assessment
Math Focus
Visual Concepts

3. Chapter 3 Table of Contents Section 1 What Is Matter?
Properties of Matter
Table of Contents
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Section 2 Physical Properties
Section 3 Chemical Properties

4. Chapter 3
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Bellringer
Look at the two similarly sized objects at the front of the room. One is cube-shaped and one is irregularly shaped.
How could you determine the amount of space that each object occupies? How could you test this hypothesis?
Write your answers in your Science Journal.

5. Chapter 3 What You Will Learn All matter has volume and mass.
Section 1 What Is Matter?
What You Will Learn
All matter has volume and mass.
Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object.
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.
Weight is a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object.

6. Matter Chapter 3 Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Matter can be described in terms of its volume, mass, and weight.

7. Chapter 3 Matter and Volume
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Volume
The amount of space that an object occupies is known as volume.
Volume is a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space.
The liter (L) is the SI unit for volume.

8. Matter and Volume, continued
Chapter 3
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Volume, continued
The meniscus is the curve at a liquid’s surface.
For most liquids, volume should be measured from the lowest point of the meniscus.
The volume of any solid object is expressed in cubic units.

9. Matter and Volume, continued
Chapter 3
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Volume, continued
Cubic meters (m3) and cubic centimeters (cm3) are the units used for the volume of solid things.
To find the volume of regularly shaped objects, use formulas. For example, to find the volume of a cube or another rectangular object, multiply the length times the width times the height.

10. Matter and Volume, continued
Chapter 3
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Volume, continued
The process of pushing water out of the way is called displacement.
To find the volume of an irregularly shaped solid object, use water displacement.
The volume of water displaced by an object is equal to the object’s volume.

11. Measuring the Volume of Liquids
Chapter 3
Properties of Matter
Measuring the Volume of Liquids

12. Chapter 3 Matter and Mass
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Mass
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.
The terms mass and weight do not mean the same thing. Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object.
An object’s weight can change depending on its location in the universe.

13. Matter and Mass, continued
Chapter 3
Section 1 What Is Matter?
Matter and Mass, continued
The SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg).
Weight is expressed in newtons (N).

14. Chapter 3
Properties of Matter

15. Chapter 3
Section 2 Physical Properties
Bellringer
Read the definition of density on page 85 in your textbook.
Find examples in the classroom of objects that have a small amount of matter in a given space, and objects that have a large amount of matter in a given space.
Write your answers in your Science Journal.

16. Chapter 3 What You Will Learn
Section 2 Physical Properties
What You Will Learn
Examples of physical properties are melting temperature, density, hardness, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity.
Density is the amount of matter in a given space or volume.
A physical change does not change the identity of the matter that undergoes the change.
Melting, freezing, cutting, bending, and dissolving are physical changes.

17. Identifying Physical Properties
Chapter 3
Section 2 Physical Properties
Identifying Physical Properties
A physical property of matter is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.
Examples of physical properties are melting temperature, density, hardness, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity.

18. Identifying Physical Properties, continued
Chapter 3
Section 2 Physical Properties
Identifying Physical Properties, continued
Density is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance.
The units most often used for density are grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3) for solids and grams per milliliter for liquids.

19. Identifying Physical Properties, continued
Chapter 3
Section 2 Physical Properties
Identifying Physical Properties, continued
The density of a given substance remains the same no matter how much of the substance you have.
Density can be used to identify substances because the density of a substance is constant at a given pressure and temperature.

20. Identifying Physical Properties, continued
Chapter 3
Section 2 Physical Properties
Identifying Physical Properties, continued
Knowing the density of a substance can tell you if the substance will float or sink in water.
If the density of an object is less than the density of water, the object will float. An object whose density is greater than the density of water will sink.

21. Chapter 3
Properties of Matter

22. Physical Changes: No New Substances
Chapter 3
Section 2 Physical Properties
Physical Changes: No New Substances
A physical change is a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties.
Physical changes include dissolving, cutting, bending, freezing, and melting.
Physical changes do not change the identity of the matter.

23. Chapter 3 Bellringer Look at Figure 1 on page 90 in your textbook.
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Bellringer
Look at Figure 1 on page 90 in your textbook.
The rust shown in Figure 1 is formed when iron and oxygen interact chemically.
What do you think the word “interact” means in this context?
Write your answer in your Science Journal.

24. Chapter 3 What You Will Learn
Section 3 Chemical Properties
What You Will Learn
Examples of chemical properties are reactivity and flammability.
A chemical change is the process by which a substance changes into a new substance.
Chemical changes usually liberate or absorb heat.

25. Identifying Chemical Properties
Chapter 3
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Identifying Chemical Properties
A chemical property describes the ability of a substance to change into a new substance.
Reactivity and flammability are chemical properties.
Chemical properties are not as easy to observe as physical properties.

26. Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties
Chapter 3
Properties of Matter
Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties

27. Chemical Changes and New Substances
Chapter 3
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Chemical Changes and New Substances
A chemical change is a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties.
Chemical changes and chemical properties are not the same. Chemical changes are processes by which substances change into new substances. Chemical properties describe which chemical changes can and cannot happen to that substance.

28. Chemical Changes and New Substances, continued
Chapter 3
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Chemical Changes and New Substances, continued
The signs of a chemical change include a change in color or odor, fizzing and foaming, sound or light being given off, and changes in temperature.
When matter undergoes a chemical change, its identity changes. So most chemical changes are irreversible.

29. Chapter 3
Properties of Matter

30. Physical Versus Chemical Changes
Chapter 3
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Physical Versus Chemical Changes
Composition is the type of matter that makes up the object and the arrangement of the matter in the object.
Physical changes do not change matter’s composition. Chemical changes do alter matter’s composition.

31. Physical Versus Chemical Changes, continued
Chapter 3
Section 3 Chemical Properties
Physical Versus Chemical Changes, continued
Many physical changes are easily reversed. They do not change the composition of the substance.
Most chemical changes are not easily reversed.

32. Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes
Chapter 3
Properties of Matter
Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes

33. Chapter 3
Properties of Matter
Concept Map
Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide.
weight
milliliters
mass
cubic centimeters
matter
volume
gravity

34. Chapter 3
Properties of Matter
Concept Map

35. Chapter 3
Properties of Matter
Concept Map

36. Chapter 3 End of Chapter 3 Show
Properties of Matter
End of Chapter 3 Show

37. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
1. Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to “size”?
A. amount
B. density
C. volume
D. mass

38. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
1. Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to “size”?
A. amount
B. density
C. volume
D. mass

39. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
In the sentence “The process of burning wood liberates heat,” what does the word liberates mean?
A. steals
B. releases
C. creates
D. imitates

40. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
In the sentence “The process of burning wood liberates heat,” what does the word liberates mean?
A. steals
B. releases
C. creates
D. imitates

41. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
In the sentence “Ash is formed by the chemical reaction between wood and fire,” what does the term chemical reaction mean?
A. a process that changes the molecular composition of a substance
B. a process of igniting something, burning it, and recording the results
C. a process that affects the appearance but not the molecular structure
D. a process of using chemicals to break down molecular structures

42. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
In the sentence “Ash is formed by the chemical reaction between wood and fire,” what does the term chemical reaction mean?
A. a process that changes the molecular composition of a substance
B. a process of igniting something, burning it, and recording the results
C. a process that affects the appearance but not the molecular structure
D. a process of using chemicals to break down molecular structures

43. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
In the sentence “Density is a physical property,” what does the term physical mean?
A. having to do with chemicals
B. having to do with volume
C. having to do with the body
D. having to do with matter

44. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
In the sentence “Density is a physical property,” what does the term physical mean?
A. having to do with chemicals
B. having to do with volume
C. having to do with the body
D. having to do with matter

45. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
5. Which physical property of an object can be determined by dividing its mass by its volume?
A. weight
B. density
C. ductility
D. state

46. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
5. Which physical property of an object can be determined by dividing its mass by its volume?
A. weight
B. density
C. ductility
D. state

47. Chapter 3 6. What is the volume of the solid pictured below? A. 12 cm2
Standards Assessment
6. What is the volume of the solid pictured below?
A. 12 cm2
B. 12 cm3
C. 36 cm2
D. 36 cm3

48. Chapter 3 6. What is the volume of the solid pictured below? A. 12 cm2
Standards Assessment
6. What is the volume of the solid pictured below?
A. 12 cm2
B. 12 cm3
C. 36 cm2
D. 36 cm3

49. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
7. Which of the following is a chemical property that describes copper?
A. conductive
B. ductile
C. soluble
D. reactive

50. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
7. Which of the following is a chemical property that describes copper?
A. conductive
B. ductile
C. soluble
D. reactive

51. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
8. Which of the following describes signs that a chemical change is occurring?
A. A substance changes shape or state.
B. A substance gives off or absorbs heat.
C. A substance is dense and malleable.
D. A substance is flammable and reactive.

52. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
8. Which of the following describes signs that a chemical change is occurring?
A. A substance changes shape or state.
B. A substance gives off or absorbs heat.
C. A substance is dense and malleable.
D. A substance is flammable and reactive.

53. Chapter 3 Use the table below to answer the next question.
Standards Assessment
Use the table below to answer the next question.

54. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
9. A solid sample has a mass of 22.5 g and displaces 30 mL of water. Use the table above to determine which sentence best describes the solid sample.
A. It is denser than mercury.
B. It is less dense than water.
C. It is less dense than helium.
D. It is denser than zinc.

55. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
9. A solid sample has a mass of 22.5 g and displaces 30 mL of water. Use the table above to determine which sentence best describes the solid sample.
A. It is denser than mercury.
B. It is less dense than water.
C. It is less dense than helium.
D. It is denser than zinc.

56. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
10. Substances can undergo physical changes or chemical changes. What is the difference between these two kinds of changes?
A. A chemical change can often be undone, and a physical change cannot.
B. A physical change cannot be observed easily, and a chemical change can.
C. A chemical change affects only the physical properties of a substance. A physical change
D. A physical change does not affect the identity of a substance. A chemical change changes the molecular structure of a substance.

57. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
10. Substances can undergo physical changes or chemical changes. What is the difference between these two kinds of changes?
A. A chemical change can often be undone, and a physical change cannot.
B. A physical change cannot be observed easily, and a chemical change can.
C. A chemical change affects only the physical properties of a substance. A physical change
D. A physical change does not affect the identity of a substance. A chemical change changes the molecular structure of a substance.

58. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
11. Which physical property can you use to determine if a substance will float in water?
A. density
B. volume
C. malleability
D. conductivity

59. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
11. Which physical property can you use to determine if a substance will float in water?
A. density
B. volume
C. malleability
D. conductivity

60. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
12. What properties do the metals aluminum, copper, silver, and gold have in common?
A. They conduct heat and electricity well.
B. They are brittle and do not bend easily.
C. They do not chemically react.
D. They are liquid at room temperature.

61. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
12. What properties do the metals aluminum, copper, silver, and gold have in common?
A. They conduct heat and electricity well.
B. They are brittle and do not bend easily.
C. They do not chemically react.
D. They are liquid at room temperature.

62. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
13. A student pours a material through a filter. Some particles get caught in the filter and some pass through. This material can be best described as a
A. nonmetal.
B. mixture.
C. metal.
D. compound.

63. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
13. A student pours a material through a filter. Some particles get caught in the filter and some pass through. This material can be best described as a
A. nonmetal.
B. mixture.
C. metal.
D. compound.

64. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
14. Which of the following sentences best describes table salt, NaCl?
A. Table salt is a compound made from two gases.
B. Table salt is a compound made from a solid and a liquid.
C. Table salt is a compound made from two metals.
D. Table salt is a compound made from a metal and a nonmetal.

65. Chapter 3
Standards Assessment
14. Which of the following sentences best describes table salt, NaCl?
A. Table salt is a compound made from two gases.
B. Table salt is a compound made from a solid and a liquid.
C. Table salt is a compound made from two metals.
D. Table salt is a compound made from a metal and a nonmetal.

66. Chapter 3 15. An element is made up of A. two kinds of atoms.
Standards Assessment
15. An element is made up of
A. two kinds of atoms.
B. one kind of molecule.
C. one kind of atom.
D. two kinds of molecules.

67. Chapter 3 15. An element is made up of A. two kinds of atoms.
Standards Assessment
15. An element is made up of
A. two kinds of atoms.
B. one kind of molecule.
C. one kind of atom.
D. two kinds of molecules.

68. Chapter 3

69. Chapter 3