1. The Scientific Method

2. Scientific Method
A logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data

3. Steps to the Scientific Method
Note: These steps may vary depending on the nature of the problem.

4. Step 1: Observing & Collecting Data
There are two types of data
Qualitative – descriptive or non-numeric data
Examples: color, relative size, shape
Quantitative – numerical data
Examples: length, weight, temperature

5. Qualitative or Quantitative?
Golden retriever
Weighs 75 pounds
6 years old
Has a black nose
Soft
Friendly

6. Qualitative or Quantitative?
Golden retriever
Weighs 75 pounds
6 years old
Has a black nose
Soft
Friendly

7. Step 2: Formulating Hypotheses
Scientists examine their data to find relationships and patterns so they can make generalizations.
Generalization – statements that apply to a range of information
Hypothesis – a testable statement that is formulated from generalizations

8. Step 3: Testing Hypotheses
Experiment – An activity where data is collected to test a hypothesis

9. Step 4: Theorizing
When data shows that a hypothesis is supported, scientists try to explain what they are studying by constructing a model.
Model – an explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related; may be visual, verbal, or mathematical
Theory – A broad generalization that explains a body of facts