1. Brad Eggebraaten PT, SCS, ATC
FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT
SCREEN
Brad Eggebraaten PT, SCS, ATC

2. If I were to the question : What makes an great athlete
If I were to the question : What makes an great athlete ? OR What makes and athlete great ?

3. Optimum Performance Pyramid
Functional Skill
Functional Performance
Functional Movement

4. Optimum Performance Pyramid
Mobility
ROM / flexibility
Stability
core stability / neuromuscular control
Testing
FMS / Y balance test
Functional Movement

6. Optimum Performance Pyramid
Kinetic linking movements
gross movement not isolation
Power production movements
Olympic lifts / plyometrics
Testing
vertical leap / medicine ball toss
Functional Performance

8. Optimum Performance Pyramid
Sports specific training
Control and proper technique
coaching / video analysis
Testing
3 point shooting / baseball infield testing
Functional Skill

10. Functional Performance
Key question
Are we building fitness and skill on top of dysfunction?
Functional Skill
Functional Performance
Functional Movement

11. What is the FMS?
A series of movements designed to evaluate stability and mobility (i.e. functional movement)
Uses extreme positions where weaknesses and imbalances become noticeable
Ultimate goal is to identify athletes at increased risk for injury

12. Who Developed the FMS™? Gray Cook, PT, OCS, CSCS
Lee Burton, PhD, ATC, CSCS
Danville, Virginia

13. Key Principles Optimum functional movement
Balance between mobility and stability
Tightness = weakness
Example :
Hamstring seemingly become tight when the core is too weak to control the pelvis
Targeting the tightness only will result in a short term gain at best

14. Functional Movement Screen
Consists of 7 tasks
Scored 0 (lowest) through III (highest)
Lowest score counts on bilateral tests
Best possible score = 21

15. Scoring the FMS™ III – Able to complete task
II – Able to complete task with compensation
I – Unable to complete the task
0 – Pain during test (or clearing exam)
Max Score = 21 points
Also looking for asymmetry

16. Asymmetry
musculo-skeletal asymmetry is a well established risk factor for injury
Ekstrand & Gillquist, 1983; Knapik et al., 1991; Baumhauer et al., 1995; Nadler et al., 2000; Soderman et al., 2001; Plisky et al., 2006; Myer et al., 2008; Yeung et al., 2009

17. Functional Movement Screen
Deep Squat
Hurdle Step
In-line Lunge
Shoulder Mobility
Active Straight Leg Raise
Trunk Stability Push Up
Rotary Stability

18. DEEP SQUAT Requires: closed kinetic chain dorsiflexion of the ankles
flexion of the knees and hips
extension of the thoracic spine
flexion and abduction of the shoulders

19. DEEP SQUAT Requires: mobility :
ankle, knee, hip, thoracic spine, and shoulders
stability :
core in symmetrical stance

20. DEEP SQUAT Upper torso is parallel with tibia or toward vertical
Femur below horizontal
Knees are aligned over feet
Dowel aligned over feet
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22. HURDLE STEP Requires: stance-leg stability of the ankle, knee, and hip
closed-kinetic chain extension of the hip
step-leg
open-kinetic chain dorsiflexion of the ankle
flexion of the knee and hip
adequate balance-dynamic stability

23. HURDLE STEP Requires: mobility : step leg ankle, knee and hip
stability :
stance leg ankle, knee, and hip with closed chain hip extension
core stabilization to maintain adequate balance in single leg stance

24. HURDLE STEP
Hips, knees and ankles remain aligned in the sagittal plane
Minimal to no movement is noted in lumbar spine
Dowel and hurdle remain parallel
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26. IN-LINE LUNGE Requires: stance leg
stability of the ankle, knee, and hip
apparent closed kinetic-chain hip abduction
step-leg
mobility of hip abduction
ankle dorsiflexion, and rectus femoris flexibility
adequate balance due to the lateral stress imposed

27. IN-LINE LUNGE Requires: mobility : stance leg ankle, knee, and hip
kneeling leg thigh flexibility
stability :
bilateral ankle, knee, hip
core stabilization to maintain balance in asymmetrical stance

28. IN-LINE LUNGE Dowel contacts remain with lumbar spine extension
No torso movement is noted
Dowel and feet remain in sagittal plane
Knee touches board behind heel of front foot
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30. SHOULDER MOBILITY Requires:
shoulder mobility in a combination of motions including
abduction/external rotation, flexion/extension, and adduction/internal rotation
scapular and thoracic spine mobility.

31. SHOULDER MOBILITY Fists are within one hand length
(Assume one hand length is 8 inches)
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33. ACTIVE SLR
Requires:
functional hamstring flexibility, which is the flexibility that is available during training and competition
(this is different from passive flexibility, which is more commonly assessed)
adequate hip mobility of the opposite leg
lower abdominal stability

34. ACTIVE SLR Requires: Mobility :
functional hamstring flexibility, which is the flexibility that is available during training and competition
(this is different from passive flexibility, which is more commonly assessed)
adequate asymmetrical hip mobility
Stability : lower abdominals

35. ACTIVE SLR Ankle/Dowel resides between mid-thigh and ASIS
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37. TRUNK STABILITY PUSH UP
requires:
symmetric trunk stability in the sagittal plane during a symmetric upper extremity movement
(Many functional activities in sport require the trunk stabilizers to transfer force symmetrically from the upper extremities to the lower extremities and vice versa)
If :
the trunk does not have adequate stability during these activities, kinetic energy will be dispersed and lead to poor functional performance, as well as increased potential for micro traumatic injury

38. TRUNK STABILITY PUSH UP
Males perform one repetition with thumbs aligned with the top of the forehead
Females perform one repetition with thumbs aligned with chin

40. ROTARY STABILITY Requires:
asymmetric trunk stability in both sagittal and transverse planes during asymmetric upper and lower extremity movement

41. ROTARY STABILITY
Performs one correct unilateral repetition while keeping spine parallel to surface
Knee and elbow touch
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43. Clinical Implications
Identifies athletes at risk of injury
Targeted Objective Exam
Narrows the scope
Implement Exercise Progressions
Specific to deficiencies found during the FMS

44. Research J Occup Med Toxicol. Apr 2007. NFL Data 433 firefighters
62% reduction in lost time with intervention
42% reduction in 12-month injury rate
NFL Data
If FMS score is < 14, and there is an asymmetry, then the probability of suffering a time loss injury increased from 15% (pre-test probability) to just over 50%
Scores can be improved with a specific off
season training program.

45. Research Intrarater and Interrater Reliability
Minick, KI, Kiesel, KB, Burton, L, Taylor, A, Plisky, P, and Butler, RJ. Interrater reliability of the Functional Movement Screen. J Strength Cond Res 24(2): 479–486, 2010
Teyhen,DS, Donofry DF, Shaffer SW, Walker MJ, Lorenson CL,Dugan JL, Halfpap JP, Childs MD. Functional movement screen: a reliability study in service members. US Army Med Dep J Jul-Sep:71

46. References Cook, Gray Athletic Body in Balance, 2003.
Functional Movement.com