1. © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved AETG Web Service Advanced Features AETG is a service mark of Telcordia Technologies. Telcordia Technologies - Licensed Material Access to this tutorial is provided solely to the registered users who have agreed to access and use the AETG Web Service according to the terms of the Click-on license agreement accepted during the registration process.

2. Page – 2 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Recap of Example Scenario from Intro tutorial Call Processing – Consider testing telephone-switch software that processes calls – A call has the following characteristics: Call Type: one of Local, Long Distance, International Billing: one of Caller, Collect, 800 Access: one of Loop, ISDN, PBX Result: one of Success, Busy, Blocked – This scenario uses 4 input parameters, each with 3 possible values Just using valid values in this example All combinations are valid.

3. Page – 3 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Extensions to the Example Scenario Call Processing – A call has the following characteristics: Call Type: one of Local, Long Distance, International Billing: one of Caller, Collect, 800, 888 Access: one of Loop, ISDN, PBX, Internet Result: one of Success, Busy, Blocked Start Time: one of 8:00, 9:00, 15:00 Stop Time: one of 8:10, 9:01, 16:45 Times must be paired as shown

4. Page – 4 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Constraints in the Example Rules that state which values can or cannot occur together – If the call is an international call, the billing cant be for an 800 or an 888 number – If the call is from the internet, the call type cant be international

5. Page – 5 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Steps in this tutorial In this advanced tutorial you will – Extend an existing Test Specification Specify additional fields Specify relations (field interactions) Specify valid and invalid values Specify constraints Specify a compound Specify field order – View the test specification (plain-text version) – Validate the test specification – Set generator properties – Generate test sets – View, download, and print test sets

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9. Page – 9 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Steps to extend the test specification 1. Copy the basic spec to a new name and open for edit 2. Add comments to the spec 3. Add new values to existing fields 4. Add new fields to the spec 5. Enter constraints on fields 6. Create a compound 7. Add fields and field values to the compound 8. Add the compound to the relation 9. Select compound labels for use in the relation

10. Page – 10 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Copy a Specification Make a copy of the spec from the basic tutorial: 1. Click on calls in the list of test specifications 2. Enter the name calls_plus in the text box 3. Click on theCopy link

11. Page – 11 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Select the newly created specification, then click on the Edit link to open it. Open the copied specification for edit

12. Page – 12 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Click on theEdit link in the Comments area. Add comments to the specification

13. Page – 13 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Enter your comments in the text area, then clickSubmit to save your changes. Edit comments in the specification

14. Page – 14 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Click on the relation name, then on theEdit Values link. Add new values to existing fields in the relation

15. Page – 15 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Valids: enter Internet for the Access field, and 888 for the Billing field. Invalids: enter some bad values. Then click onSubmit Values to save changes. New values for the advanced example

16. Page – 16 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Enter each field name, and click on the Add link. Additional field names in the example: Start_Time Stop_Time Add new fields to the test specification

17. Page – 17 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Fields added to the test specification Scroll the selection box down to see both Start_Time and Stop_Time Marked as unused (*) because these fields are not currently used in any compound or relation.

18. Page – 18 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Constraints Constraints control how values are combined Constraints are written in a constraint language Can have multiple constraints for a relation Example constraints: – If the call is an international call, the billing cant be for an 800 or an 888 number. In AETG spec language: if Call_Type = International then Billing != 800 888 – If the call is from the internet, the call type cant be international. In AETG spec language: if Call_Type = International then Access != Internet

19. Page – 19 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Select the relation, then click on theEdit constraints link. Select relation to receive constraints

20. Page – 20 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved The constraints should read: if Call_Type = International then Billing != 800 888 if Call_Type = International then Access != Internet Quotes are required around string values. Also see value list at bottom (scroll down). After entering the constraints, click on the Submit Entries link to continue. Enter constraints among field values

21. Page – 21 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Compounds A compound contains fields that have some relationship Want only particular values of compound fields to appear with other compound field values Generator should not attempt to cover interactions between values of the compound fields Consider these a convenience feature that reduces the need for post-processing on generated test sets

22. Page – 22 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Motivating the Use of Compounds (1) Need to model Start_Time and End_Time – Start_Time must be earlier than End_Time – Want only these pairs: 8:00 & 8:10, 9:00 & 9:01, 15:00 & 16:45 – Do not want pairwise coverage (e.g., 8:00 & 9:01) First possible approach: model fields individually – Start_Time has 8:00, 9:00, 15:00; End_Time has 8:10, 9:01, 16:45 – Constraints say If Start_Time = 8:00 then End_time = 8:10 etc.

23. Page – 23 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Motivating the Use of Compounds (2) Second possible approach: use composite values – StartStopTime has 8:00_8:10, 9:00_9:01, 15:00_16:45 – Post-process the generated output to split up the values Best approach: use a compound – Value sets are passed through, split automatically into tuples – Next slides show how to enter this example in the GUI

24. Page – 24 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Enter a compound name, then click on theAdd link. Create a compound in the test specification

25. Page – 25 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Next, click on the Select Fields link to add fields to the compound. Empty compound created in the test specification

26. Page – 26 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Select the two time fields (control key plus two clicks with left-mouse button), click on the >>Add>> link, then click on Submit selections to save your work. Select fields for the newly created compound

27. Page – 27 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Note that the two time fields are no longer marked as unused. Click on theEdit values link next. Compound now has fields

28. Page – 28 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Enter labels for the pairs along with the paired values in the text boxes: 8:00 and 8:10, 9:00 and 9:01, 15:00 and 16:45. Click on theSave and add rows link to save changes. Enter valid values for fields in the compound

29. Page – 29 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Enter a label and an invalid pair: 6:44 and 6:23 Invalid because the end time is before the start time. Click on theSubmit values link to save changes. Enter invalid values in the compound

30. Page – 30 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved The next step is to extend the existing relation. You will add the compound first. Click on the relation name, then on the linkSelect Components Relation gets the new compound

31. Page – 31 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Select the compound name, click on the >>Add>> link, then click on Submit selections to save your changes. Select the compound and add it to the relation

32. Page – 32 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved The relation now says 4f, 1c which means it has 4 fields and 1 compound. Note that the compound is no longer marked as unused. Next, click on the Edit Values link to pick compound labels. Relation now has a compound

33. Page – 33 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Scroll the window down. Select compound labels eight, nine, and three for use as valid tuples. Select tuple invalid for use as an invalid tuple. Click on Submit values to save changes. To pick multiple entries in a selection box, either click and drag, or use control-click. Select compound labels for use in the relation

34. Page – 34 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Field order The order in which fields appear in the GUI controls the order in which they appear in test results – Relative orderings in compounds and relations is not material User controls field order

35. Page – 35 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Select fields and use the links appropriately to order the list. Click Submit to save changes. Setting field order

36. Page – 36 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved View the test specification to see all the information in one place. View the test specification

37. Page – 37 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Fields, compounds, relations, values, constraints, etc. – its all here. This version is processed by the generation tools. Plain-text version of the test specification

38. Page – 38 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Check the specification for various properties, like not using a field twice in a relation. Validate the test specification

39. Page – 39 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved All is well. Click on the Edit spec link to continue. Output from validation

40. Page – 40 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved These parameters affect the generators performance. It is not necessary to change them for most cases. Use large numbers if a relation has a large number of constraints, or if the output from the generator indicates trouble with covering pairs. Generator properties

41. Page – 41 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Click on theGenerate tests link to start the generator. Generate tests (finally!)

42. Page – 42 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Scroll the window down, then click on the View test cases link to continue. Output from test generator

43. Page – 43 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Valid cases use only valid values; combinations honor all constraints. Invalid cases use one invalid value per tuple. Overview of generated tests (1)

44. Page – 44 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Scroll down to see the invalid constraint cases. These have combinations that violate a constraint. Overview of generated tests (2)

45. Page – 45 © Telcordia Technologies 2004 – All Rights Reserved Exercise Modify the test specification to use two relations instead of a constraint – Drop the seed and the constraints from the relation Switch – Copy the Switch relation to create two new relations: Domestic: same fields as before, but only values appropriate for domestic calls International: same fields again, only values appropriate for international calls – Generate tests and compare the result

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