1. If you were absent Friday….you missed a test
You need to come in either before or after school, or during lunch to make it up. 

2. research current and past earth and sun conditions.
Scale
Scale Description 4
Through independent work beyond what was taught in class, students could (examples include, but are not limited to):
research current and past earth and sun conditions.
investigate causes and possible solutions for global climate change.
compare and contrast the patterns in the organization and distribution of matter in the sun, earth, moon system.
compare and contrast different solar events and their impact on earth. 3
understand how the motions of the sun, stars and planets as observed from Earth relate to the motions of the Earth and other planets in space.
understand how the movement and position of Earth influences life on Earth.
be able to differentiate between astronomy and astrology. 2
determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other astronomy specific words and phrases relating to the Earth, Sun and Moon
illustrate the patterns of distribution of matter in the sun, earth, moon system.
list the physical properties of the Earth, Sun and Moon.
describe the key parts of the Earth, Sun and Moon System 1
show the patterns of distribution of matter in the sun, earth, moon system.
select from a list the physical properties of the sun, earth and moon.
list the key parts of the structure of earth, sun and moon.

3. Ancient Astronomy

4. Today’s questions… (copy into notebook)
What is the difference between modern astronomy and ancient astronomy?
What times of day and times of the year were important to ancient peoples?
Is there a trend? WHY?!?

5. Looking back…
Astronomy and what we now call Astrology were very closely related.
Most cultures connected things they saw in the sky with their traditions and legends.
Eclipses
Supernovae
Constellations

6. Famous Ancient Astronomy Sites
Write name-location
Write 1 fact about each

7. Stonehenge -England Used to observe the sun and the moon
Gave regularity to the calendar; helped in planting and used for religious ceremonies
Viewed from the center, the sun rises over the heel stone at the summer solstice

9. Newgrange - Ireland
 Underground chamber with passageways which point to the rising sun at winter solstice
Window allows light to enter at sunrise on the first day of winter
tracked and recorded the movements of the sun, used as calendar
Ornamentations allow the sun to shine directly onto the symbols on the backstone and were used as devices to measure solar movement

10. Big Horn - Wyoming Used as calendar by the Plains Indians
Used as indicator of summer solstice sunrise and sunset,
other alignments for the rising of certain stars

11. Caracol Temple - Mexico
Solstice and equinox alignments
Star alignments
Alignments with Venus

12. Temple at Karnak - Egypt
alignments correspond to summer solstice sunset and winter solstice sunrise

13. Pyramid of Khufu - Egypt
Shafts from the King's chamber indicate
location of Polaris years ago
Former position of Orion's belt
pyramid is also aligned perfectly N- S and E-W

14. Think about all the sites you just saw
What are 2 things they all have in common?
Are there any glaring differences between the sites?

15. Changes over time… In the past: Now:
astronomical sites were used to keep track of sky movements to determine time.
ancient astronomers did not really seek answers to scientific questions.
the sky was believed to influence life and these influences could be predicted.
Now:
Astronomers know and can calculate movement of things in the sky (planetary laws)
No need for sky calendar
Astronomers ask questions and seek scientific answers.

16. 2 contributions to astronomy for each Civilization.
Babylonians 1. 2.
Maya
Greeks
Celtic Druids 1. 2.
Aztec
Anasazi

17. Watch this video on mrhyatt.rocks

18. Read Plastic Sheet Article (2 per group)– Ancient Astronomy
Stonehenge, the temple of Kukulcan, and Chaco Canyon

19. Then…copy this website down
Summarize your notes by answering the questions from the beginning of class.
Then…copy this website down
Click on technology through time at the bottom and look at the ancient astronomy sites

20. Homework: Choose 1 site. Write the name of your site.
Draw a small sketch of the layout of the site.
Draw a small sketch of a symbol or feature of the site.
Put yourself in the shoes of one of the people who helped to build one of these astronomical sites.
What would you have been thinking as you were building or designing it?
How would you explain to someone now what your purpose was in building the site?