1. Agenda diēs Mercuriī, prid. Id. Sept. A.D. MMXVIII
HW Check: review wksht. 2
Review Worksheet 2 (gen. uses & comparison)
Review of Participles, Participial Phrases, and Ablative Absolute
Review of Syntax 3: Uses of the Dative Case
Practice with Review Topics
Pensum:
Take notes on PPLs/Abl. Abs./Dative Uses from blog
Study Vocab. List 1
Latin Prose
Mr. Finnigan
Boston Latin School

2. Uses of the Genitive Case – Practice
Hominēs maiōris virtūtis contrā fortiōrēs ducēs hostium pessimōrum bene pugnāvērunt.
Post proelium longius, Caesar intellexit sē maximam partem eōrum concidere.
Cladēs magna accidit patrum nostrōrum memoriā tristissimā.
Senātus decrēvit ut consul quam celerrimē vidēret nē quid rēs publica detrimentī caperet.
Pars in conspectū nostrōrum cum cruciātū saepius necābātur.
Discipulī plūs sapientiae habēre cupiunt.

3. Uses of the Genitive Case – Practice
Magister discipulārum optimārum abesse ludō numquam vult.
Tantae molis erat Rōmānam gentem condere!
Imperātor mīlitum putāvit suōs dēbēre validiōrem amorem patriae habēre.
Pessimus librōs pulchrae ēripuit, quod eam maximē amāvit.
Gallī Caesarī dīxērunt sē nihil reliquī praeter terram habēre.

4. Uses of the Genitive Case – Practice
Alterum genus est equitum.
Timor mortis ā cīvibus aufertur.
Magister magnī sapientiae semper vult discipulōs quam optimē discere.
Plinius et mater metū tremoris terrae ex oppidō fūgērunt.

5. Participles & Participial Phrases

6. Participles PRESENT ACTIVE
participles are verbal adjectives–they have properties of both:
as adjectives: gender, number, case; modify nouns or act as subst.
as verbs: tense and voice; may take direct objects
three* participles: pres. act., perf. pass., fut. act.
PRESENT ACTIVE
recognize by –nt– in all forms (–ns in nom. sg.)
decline like 3rd decl. adj.
translate: ________ing
indicates action happening at same time as MV (just like pres. infin.)

7. Participles PERFECT PASSIVE FUTURE ACTIVE
recognize as 4th PP of verbs, declined like adj.
translate: having been ________ed
indicates action happening before MV (just like perf. infin.)
note: for P‘P’P of deponent verbs, translate actively (“having ______ed”)
FUTURE ACTIVE
recognize as 4th PP with –UR– before ending
translate: about to ________
indicates action happening after MV (just like fut. infin.)

8. Ablative Absolute NOUN + ADJ / NOUN + NOUN
one of the most common subordinate constructions in Latin
consists of a noun + participle, adjective, or another noun, all in the abl. case
called ‘absolute’ because it’s grammatically separated (absolūtus) from the rest of the sentence
three main types: noun + adj., noun + noun, noun + ppl
NOUN + ADJ / NOUN + NOUN
translate: with noun (being) adjective/noun
with this type, the pres. ppl. of sum (‘being’) is to be understood [it doesn’t exist in Latin]

9. Ablative Absolute NOUN + PARTICIPLE noun + perfect passive participle:
translate: with _____ having been _____ed
noun + present active participle:
translate: with _____ _____ing
noun + future active participle:
translate: with _____ about to _____
abl. abs. may be translated as a subordinate clause (temporal, causal, conditional, concessive), but always translate strictly literally first

10. Ablative Absolute

11. Uses of the Dative Case

12. Uses of the Dative Case INDIRECT OBJECT
shows the entity indirectly affected by the action of a verb
common with verbs of giving, showing, and saying/telling
WITH SPECIAL VERBS / WITH IMPERSONAL VERBS
some “special” (intransitive) verbs take objects in the dat.
e.g. crēdō, persuādeō, imperō, parcō, noceō, pāreō, studeō, faveō
these are usually listed with (+dat.) in the dictionary entry
some impersonal verbs take obj. in dat.
e.g. licet, necesse est, opus est, placet, libet
WITH COMPOUND VERBS
most verbs compounded with ad, ante, con, de, in, inter, ob, post, prae, pro, sub, and sub take obj. in dat
true of most compounds of ferre and ALL compounds of sum

13. Uses of the Dative Case WITH ADJECTIVES POSSESSION AGENT
certain adjectives are followed by a dative
common adj. + dat.: facilis/difficilis, similis/dissimilis, gratus, nōtus, fīnitimus, utilis, propinquus/propior/proximus, par, idoneus
the trick: after the adj., if you think of ‘to’ in Engl., look for dat.
POSSESSION
with a form of sum, the dat. can be used to express possession
the possessor is in the dat., the item possessed is the subj. of sum
common with names and body parts
AGENT
with the passive periphrastic, the dat. (not abl.) is used to express agency [by whom something is done]

14. Uses of the Dative Case PURPOSE REFERENCE DOUBLE DATIVE
a noun in the dat. may be used to express purpose
common with forms of sum
most common nouns used thus: auxiliō, curae, impedimentō, praesidiō, subsidiō, usuī
REFERENCE
indicates the person/thing to whom events refer, OR to whose advantage/disadvantage the action is performed
DOUBLE DATIVE
a combination of a dative of purpose and a dative of reference