1. Proof Surrogate
By:
Maria Rivas

2. What is proof surrogate?
A proof surrogate suggests there is evidence or authority for a claim without actually citing such evidence or authority.
This type of angle works by alleging that proof for a claim exists without actually offering the proof.
Moore/Parker
Mc Graw Hill

3. Common Phrases We will see uses of phrases such as:
“Informed sources say”
“Its obvious that”
“It’s clear to anyone who has thought the matter through carefully”
“As we all know”

4. A Less Subtle proof surrogates use the phrase: “Studies Show” “Authorities Say” “Experts Believe” This phrase tells nothing about how many studies are involved, how good they are, who did them, or any other important information.

5. Bottom Line
Proof surrogates are not proof or evidence. Proof or evidence may exist, but until it has been presented, the claim/issue remains unsupported. There may be “reason to believe” some claim, but we should think twice about accepting the claim.