1. The
Unification
of Italy

2. Italian Nationalist Leaders
King Victor Emmanuel II
Giuseppi Garibaldi [The “Sword”]
Giuseppi Mazzini [The “Heart”]
Count Cavour [The “Head”]

3. Italian Nationalist Leaders
Count Cavour- Major leader of Italian unification
Guiseppe Giribaldi- Responsible for the unification of Southern Italy
Victor Immanuel-Declared himself the King of Italy

4. Problems Facing the New Italy
The Constitutional Monarchy lacked representation of most Italians
Various languages, systems of weights and measures and coinage
Lack of resources for Industrialization
Too much emphasis on military might

5. Pope Pius IX

6. Sardinia-Piedmont: The “Magnet”

7. Step #1

8. Step #2

9. Step #3

10. Italian
Unification

11. The Kingdom of Italy: 1871

12. German
Unification

13. German Unification

14. Kaiser Wilhelm I

15. Chancellor Otto von Bismarck
“Blood & Iron”

16. Bismarck and the Franco-Prussian War
France’s defeat gave territory- Alsace Lorraine to Germany
1871 Bismarck united the German nations and Germany became one of the most powerful European nations

17. Unification of Germany

18. German Imperial Flag

19. Kaiser Wilhelm II

20. “Dropping the Pilot”
1890

21. Kaiser Wilhelm II

22. Eastern
Europe
in the Last Half
of the 19c

23. Differing Nationalities in the Austrian Empire

24. Austrian Imperial Flag

25. Russian Expansion

26. Russian Imperial Flag

27. Russian Revolution of 1905
Protestors were fired on by soldiers, started riots across Russia
October Manifesto- granted full civil liberties to all citizens, created the Duma ( National Legislature elected by the people)
Revolution served as the basis for future attempts

28. Forced Migration of Russia’s Jews

29. The Ottoman Empire: Late 19c

30. The Balkan Nations and Independence
Countries formerly apart of the Ottoman Empire that gained full or partial Independence.
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina turned over to Austria
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Rumania

31. Europe at the end of the 19th Centurey
The Ottoman Empire is crumbling due to Nationalism
Gemany is unified and powerful
Austria has many ethnic groups demanding independence
Russia is on the verge of Revolution
France and England powerful and stable