1. Aka: what’s the heimlich manuever?
Respiratory system
Aka: what’s the heimlich manuever?

2. Why the respiratory system?
Large surface area for gas exchange
Move air to gas exchange area
Protect gas exchange area from pathogens, dehydration, extreme temperatures
Make noise!
Assist smelling ( who cut the cheese?).

4. Air conducting (moving) path
External nares
Nasal cavity
guard hairs
Air warmed and moistened
Nasal septum

5. More path Oral cavity Soft palate- fleshy part beyond hard palate
Separated from nasal by palatine/maxillary bones called “hard palate”
Soft palate- fleshy part beyond hard palate
Oropharynx- contains tonsils for protection from foreign bodies
Glottis- hole at start of trachea
Epiglottis- covers trachea
Larynx- contains vocal cords or “voice box”

6. Cont. Coughing reflex- triggered when “stuff” hits vocal cords,
“cough”-glottis is closed and pressure built up in lungs until glottis is suddenly released
Tension on vocal cords determines pitch
Trachea- extends from larynx to branching of bronchi, includes rings of cartilage for support

7. More
Tracheostomy- inserting a tube through anterior tracheal wall. “Stoma”
Bronchi- branching of trachea into primary, secondary and tertiary branches
Bronchioles- when cartilage is no longer present ( less than 0.04 inch in diameter)

8. Alveola Sack where gas exchange occurs
Trivia- 150 million alveola / lung
Gives spongy appearance to lung
Simple squamous epithelium
Dust cells- macrophages that roam around eating up dust and debri
Moist alveoli- why?
Surfactant- oily secretion that reduces surface tension of moist alveoli

9. Air movement Hypoxia- hypo- low, oxia-? Anoxia-?
Pulmonary ventilation depends on
Pressure gradient-?
Diaphragm- 75% of pulmonary vent.
Rib cage- 25% of pulmonary vent.

10. Lung volume/ capacity
Tidal volume- amount of air moved during a single respiratory cycle, normal breath
Expiratory reserve volume- ( forced exhalation volume) amount voluntarily expelled after a regular exhalation
Inspiratory reserve volume- (forced inhalation volume) amount voluntarily inhaled after a regular inhalation
Vital capacity= tidal volume+ERV+IRV, max air you can move

11. Residual volume- air left in lung even after forceful exhalation