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Published byHendri Wibowo Modified over 6 years ago
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Transcatheter Closure of Congenital Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect in Children Using Symmetric Occluders: An 8-Year Multiinstitutional Experience Lei Wang, MD, PhD, Sancheng Cao, MD, Jun Li, MD, Lifang Yang, MD, Yin Liu, MD, Jun Ren, MD, PhD, Qiaomei Ma, MD, Haijian Xing, MD, Dan Li, MD, Danqiu Tian, MD, Yi Wan, MD, PhD, Shiqiang Yu, MD, PhD, Tao Chen, MD, Xiuling Yang, MD, Jian Yang, MD, PhD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 94, Issue 2, Pages (August 2012) DOI: /j.athoracsur Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
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Fig 1 Routine transthoracic echocardiography screening. (A) Presence of abnormal tricuspid main chordae tendineae (red arrow). (B) Distance between the perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) and aortic valve was measured in each patient. (AO = aorta; IVS = interventricular septum; LA = left atrium; LV = left ventricle; RV = right ventricle.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
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Fig 2 Cohort flow diagram of the study. (TTE = transthoracic echocardiography.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
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Fig 3 Shanghai perimembranous ventricular septal defect occluder in (A) lateral and (B) front views. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
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Fig 4 Procedure of transcatheter perimembranous ventricular septal defect closure. (A) Diameter of the perimembranous ventricular septal defect was measured at the largest diastolic phase (red arrow). (B) Ascending aortic angiography was performed again to verify complete occlusion, new-onset aortic valve regurgitation, and residual shunts. (C) Simultaneous atrial septal defect occlusion. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
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Fig 5 Transthoracic echocardiography monitoring during transcatheter intervention. (A) The sheath entered into the left ventricle (LV) through the perimembranous ventricular septal defect. (B) The occluder was partially deployed. (LA = left atrium; RA = right atrium; RV = right ventricle.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
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