1. Volume 1, Issue 5, Pages 448-456 (May 2000)
CD34 Splice Variant: An Attractive Marker for Selection of Gene-Modified Cells 
Boris Fehse, Anke Richters, Kira Putimtseva-Scharf, Hannes Klump, Zhixiong Li, Wolfram Ostertag, Axel R. Zander, Christopher Baum 
Molecular Therapy 
Volume 1, Issue 5, Pages (May 2000)
DOI: /mthe
Copyright © 2000 American Society for Gene Therapy Terms and Conditions

2. FIG. 1
Retroviral vectors for expression of the three variants of CD34. (A, top) Schematic representation of the three variants of CD34, modified from Ref. 9: the cytoplasmic tails of flCD34, tCD34, and dCD34 comprise 73, 16, and 1 amino acid, respectively. (A, bottom) Proviral form of retroviral vectors used for expression of CD34. Size of the proviral form is ~2.6 kb. The long terminal repeat (LTR) is from a variant of the murine spleen focus-forming virus. The untranslated leader region contains the retroviral packaging signal (Ψ) without gag sequences. The cDNAs were inserted using NotI and HindIII restriction sites. (B) Southern blot analysis of immunoselected K562 and PG13 cells transduced with the three different retroviral CD34 expression vectors. Genomic DNAs were digested with PstI. Hybridization with the probe human flCD34 revealed correct insert lengths, as indicated. Hybridization signals of higher molecular weight result from the cellular genes. M, DNA molecular weight marker ladder mix (MBI Fermentas, St. Leon-Rot, Germany).
Molecular Therapy 2000 1, DOI: ( /mthe )
Copyright © 2000 American Society for Gene Therapy Terms and Conditions

3. FIG. 2
Enrichment of PG13 and K562 cells based on stable expression of retrovirally transduced CD34. (A) PG13 cells after transduction with Phoenix supernatants before (PG13 pre, analyzed 2 days after transduction) and immediately after (PG13 post) enrichment using immunoaffinity columns. (B) K562 cells before (K562 pre, analyzed 2 days after transduction) and 2 months after (K562 2 mo post) enrichment using immunoaffinity columns.
Molecular Therapy 2000 1, DOI: ( /mthe )
Copyright © 2000 American Society for Gene Therapy Terms and Conditions

4. FIG. 3
Cell surface expression of dCD34 is reduced because of release into the cellular supernatant. (A) Overlay histogram of CD34 expression in uncloned K562 cells transduced with dCD34 (d), tCD34 (t), or flCD34 (fl); determination by flow cytometry 2 months after immunoaffinity-based enrichment with resulting purities of 96, 98, and 97%, respectively; cell surface expression of dCD34 is about one order of magnitude reduced compared to tCD34 and flCD34. Similar results were obtained with Jurkat cells (not shown). (B) Northern blot analysis of total RNA harvested from mass cultures of K562 and PG13 cells transduced with the three variants of CD34 expression vectors or untransduced cells (–). TF1 cells are shown as a positive control, with endogenous expression of flCD34 (lower band, ~2.3 kb) and tCD34 (upper band, ~2.5 kb) (9). Comparison with the loading control (methylene –blue-stained filter, not shown) confirmed comparable expression levels of all three retroviral RNAs in transduced cells. (C) Western blot analysis of cell lysates harvested from transduced and untransduced PG13 and K562 cells (same cultures as in A and B). Weaker expression of dCD34 is confirmed. Note that dCD34 and tCD34 have a reduced molecular weight (~100 kDa) compared to flCD34 (~110 kDa). Twenty micrograms of protein was loaded per lane; CD34 was detected using monoclonal antibody QBEND 10, HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG, and the SuperSignal West Pico chemiluminescent substrate (Pierce, Rockford, IL). (D) Immunoprecipitation with HPCA-2 antibody of cellular supernatants of K562 cells transduced with tCD34 (t), dCD34 (d), or untransduced cells (–). The arrow indicates soluble CD34. Cell lysate of K562:flCD34 cells is shown as a positive control (co), as well as immunoprecipitated lysate of K562:flCD34 cells. Detection was performed via Western blot as described above.
Molecular Therapy 2000 1, DOI: ( /mthe )
Copyright © 2000 American Society for Gene Therapy Terms and Conditions

5. FIG. 4
Enrichment of genetically engineered human T cells, including primary peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), using retroviral vectors expressing tCD34. The isotype control is shown as an inset (iso) in the dot-blot analysis obtained before (pre) magnetic cell sorting (MACS technology). In independent experiments, purities after enrichment (post) were 95.5, 96.9, and 97.3% for PBL after initial positivities of 6.7, 23.9, and 23.4%, respectively.
Molecular Therapy 2000 1, DOI: ( /mthe )
Copyright © 2000 American Society for Gene Therapy Terms and Conditions

6. FIG. 5
Expression of tCD34 on murine peripheral blood cells in vivo. (A) Representative dot blots showing expression of tCD34 in blood of live mice, status 9 weeks after bone marrow transplantation with retrovirally marked cells. Peripheral blood cells of C57Bl/6J mice were obtained by bleeding from the tail vein and analyzed by flow cytometry for expression of tCD34, scatter profile, and lineage-specific antibodies to distinguish myeloid cells (CD11b), B cells (B220), T cells (cocktail of CD4 and CD8), and erythrocytes, defined by size according to forward scatter (FSC). Markers were adjusted based on isotype controls. (B) Marking efficiency with tCD34 is comparable to results achieved with EGFP. The multiplicity of infection was adjusted for equal gene transfer efficiency, as revealed by equivalent marking in myeloid and erythroid cells. Note that there is a trend for reduced marking of lymphocytes with tCD34 compared to EGFP (see Discussion). Mean values (percentages of marker-positive cells) plus standard deviations are shown. Six animals per experimental group.
Molecular Therapy 2000 1, DOI: ( /mthe )
Copyright © 2000 American Society for Gene Therapy Terms and Conditions