1. Social Change in America: Early 1800s
Level 1
Social Change in America: Early 1800s

2. Vocabulary Protestant: Christian religion that is not Catholic
Revival: reawakening of faith
Suffrage: right to vote
Reform: to change
Temperance: a movement to stop the drinking of alcohol

3. Essential Question
How did society change during the early 1800s?

4. Religious Revival The Second Great Awakening: 1790s-1840s
Protestant churches
Church membership went up
Revivals were held to inspire, spread the word as well as convert large numbers of people by evangelists (preachers)
Church of Jesus Christ and Latter Day Saints was started by Joseph Smith (Mormons) in Palmyra, NY
Video about Smith
Video about the Book of Mormon
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5. Women’s Rights Women’s Rights Convention:
1848 Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized the Women’s Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, NY
Result: Created the “Declaration of Sentiments” calling for equal rights for women.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony organized the National American Women’s Suffrage Association
1872 Susan B. Anthony was arrested for voting in Rochester, NY.
reference
reference
2:40-4:40 video for women’s right’s convention
“No respecting women should wish or work for the success of a party that ignores her sex.” Susan B. Anthony 1872

6. Mentally Ill and Dorthea Dix
"Man is not made better by being degraded; he is seldom restrained from crime by harsh measures, except the principle of fear predominates in his character; and then he is never made radically better for its influence."
-- Dorothea Dix c. 1861
Social Reformer:
-Improved treatment of mentally ill
-Pushed for asylums to be built
-Indirectly started prison reform
-Worked in 32 states

7. Harsh Treatment of the Mentally Ill
(Sanitarium patient 1861)
Sanitariums had no heat and no furniture and were dirty. The mentally ill were in the same jail as criminals. Some were “confined…in cages, closets, cellars, stalls, pens! Changed, naked, beaten with rods, and lashed into obedience…” Dorthea Dix.

8. Education Reform
Until the 1850s children were educated at home by parents or tutors for the rich
Massachusetts passed a law in 1852 which made children have to go to elementary school
Why?
Create good citizens
reduce crime
unite society
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9. Temperance
a movement supporting governmental measures to decrease the drinking of alcohol
When did it begin?
Started in the 1820s because of excessive use of alcohol in all social classes.
United States Temperance Union formed in 1833 and pushed to have alcohol made illegal.
A dozen states banned alcohol before the Civil War.
Stop video at 5 minutes, after that it’s the 1900s
“The Bottle” 1847 by George Cruikshank

10. An American Culture Begins to Emerge: Literature
James Fenimore Cooper: “Rip Van Winkle”, “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Last of the Mohicans”
Ralph Waldo Emerson: “The American Scholar”, “Nature” poetry
Nathaniel Hawthorn: “The Scarlet Letter”
Edgar Allen Poe: “The Tell-Tale Heart” and “The Raven”
Herman Melville: “Moby-Dick”
Henry David Thoreau: “Walden”
Walt Whitman: “Leaves of Grass”
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11. An American Culture Begins to Emerge: Art
“Kindred Spirits” by Asher B. Durant
Romanticism: a movement in art that focuses on nature, individualism and emotions
Hudson River School: An art movement in America influenced by Romantic style with landscape painters
Thomas Cole
Asher B. Durant
Frederic Edwin Church: landscape painter. “The Heart of the Andes” sold for $10,000 in 1859 which was the highest amount paid for American art at the time.
“The Oxbow” by Thomas Cole
References:
“The Heart of the Andes” by Frederic Edwin Church

12. Essential Question
How did society change during the early 1800s?