1. Follow-up of valves in saphenous vein bypass grafts with duplex ultrasonography 
Beatrice R. Vesti, MD, Jean Primozich, BS, RVT, Robert O. Bergelin, MS, Eugene Strandness, MD 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 33, Issue 2, Pages (February 2001)
DOI: /mva
Copyright © 2001 Society for Vascular Surgery and The American Association for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
The image on left shows an ill-defined sinus region with B-mode image steered straight down and leaflets not visible. The images on right show same location, with image steered left in top image and image steered right in bottom image. Note that valve leaflets can be seen because image angles are more perpendicular to leaflet surface.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /mva )
Copyright © 2001 Society for Vascular Surgery and The American Association for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
B-mode image of a valve sinus with frozen valve leaflets. The wall beneath leaflets appears thickened. The top image is longitudinal view of thickened sinus with frozen leaflet. The arrow indicates valve leaflet near posterior wall and thickening beneath it. The bottom view is cross-sectional image of same sinus. Note the thickening on far wall of the vessel. The arrows indicate valve position and thickening associated with it.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /mva )
Copyright © 2001 Society for Vascular Surgery and The American Association for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Graph illustrating degree of diameter reduction associated with each of the velocity ratios used in this study. For a velocity ratio of 3.5 or greater, the estimated degree of diameter reduction is 75%. (See text for further details.) There were 200 valves detected in these vein grafts.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /mva )
Copyright © 2001 Society for Vascular Surgery and The American Association for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
The velocity ratio in this case exceeded 3.5. A color Doppler display shows the lumen narrowing, followed by typical color representation of poststenotic turbulence in the upper left. The velocity spectral waveform is taken from the site of maximum velocity change in the stenotic valve (lower left ). The B-mode image on right shows the valve that was in a frozen position and protruding into the lumen.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /mva )
Copyright © 2001 Society for Vascular Surgery and The American Association for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions