1. Potential Difference (Voltage)

2. Potential Difference
Potential difference, or voltage, is the difference in electric potential energy per unit of charge measured at two points.
The symbol for potential difference or voltage is V.
The units of potential difference or voltage is volts (V).

3. Potential Difference can be compared to the flow of water from water towers.
From which tap will the water exit with the greatest force? Why?

4. Potential Difference can be compared to the flow of water from water towers.
From which tap will the water exit with the least force? Why?

5. Another Potential Difference Analogy

6. How to use a VOLTMETER
VOLTMETERS are used to measure the __________________________ in a circuit.
potential difference / voltage

7. How to use a VOLTMETER I1
Example: We want to measure the voltage at V0 and V1 for the circuit below.
V0 is the voltage across the power source.  
V1 is the voltage across the bulb. V0 V1

8. How to use a VOLTMETER NOT disconnected parallel
To measure the voltage at V0 and V1, the circuit is ______________________.
The voltmeter is connected in ____________.
NOT disconnected
parallel

9. How to use a VOLTMETER positive / red positive / red
Connect the terminal of the voltmeter to the wire(s) leading to the ___________________terminal of the power source.
positive / red
positive / red

10. How to use a VOLTMETER negative / black negative / black
Connect the terminal of the voltmeter to the wire(s) leading to the ___________________terminal of the power source.
negative / black
negative / black

11. How to use a VOLTMETER I1
To measure V0 :

12. How to use a VOLTMETER I1
To measure V0 :

13. How to use a VOLTMETER I1
To measure V1 :

14. How to use a VOLTMETER I1
To measure V1 :

15. How to Read a VOLTMETER

16. How to Read a VOLTMETER
What is the reading on this voltmeter?

17. How to Read a VOLTMETER What is the reading on this voltmeter?
If you connected the circuit to the 3V setting on the voltmeter, then the voltage reading is 1.5 V.
If you connected the circuit to the 1V setting on the voltmeter, then the voltage reading is 0.5 V.

18. Current & Voltage in the Home
film