1. Topic #3: Types of Mutations

2. Point Mutations Mutations that change a single base pair
Usually involve a substitution of one base pair for another
Usually only affects a single amino acid

3. Examples
CCC to CCA
AAA to UAA

4. Frameshift Mutations Also called Insertions or Deletions
They shift the reading frame of the genetic message
It can change every amino acid that follows the point of mutation

5. Example

6. Chromosomal Mutations
Mutations that change the structure or number of chromosomes
Can change the location of genes on a chromosome or even change the number of copies of a gene
Often leads to genetic disorders

7. Example
Down syndrome
Result of an extra chromosome at pair #21