1. Era of Good Feelings
Monroe’s Goodwill Tour
National Unity - Yes or No???

2. Supreme Court Rulings
Strengthened the power of the federal government to promote economic growth
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) – Maryland tried to tax the national bank
The Court ruled that states had no right to interfere with federal institutions within their borders
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) – New York tried to create a law to control steamboat travel between NY and NJ
The Court ruled that a state can only regulate trade within its borders. Interstate commerce – trade between states - is a federal power.

3. Economic Problems Lack of a national bank Foreign Competition
In 1811, the charter for the national bank ran out
A new bank was established in 1816
Foreign Competition
Flood of British Goods
The British had better machinery and technology
British companies sold their goods for very low prices in order to push Americans out of business

4. Protective Tariffs
The British plan put many New England factories out of business
In response, Congress passed a protective tariff on all goods imported from Europe
The Tariff of 1816 raised tariffs on all imports
Southerners protested this because they did not have a lot of factories and therefore suffered from the tariff

5. Protective Tariff Without Tariff With Tariff
Cloth made in America = $6.00
Tariff = 1.25
British Cloth = $5.00
$ $1.25 = $6.25 (more than American Cloth)
Cloth made in Britain = $5.00

6. Clay’s American System
Tariff problem reflected the growth of sectionalism
Sectionalism – loyalty to one’s state or section rather than to the nation as a whole
Henry Clay (The Great Compromiser) wanted to promote the American System which would benefit the economies of all sections of the U.S
High tariffs on imports (Who would that help?)
More industry in the North so that money could be spent on agricultural products from West and South
Reduce our dependency on foreign goods

7. Problems with the American System
Urged that the money from tariffs be used to improve transportation to make it easier to get southern goods
However, Congress NEVER spent the money on improvements like transportation
Southerners disliked this plan

8. Three Sectional Leaders
John C. Calhoun
Spoke for the South (SC), supported the War of 1812, for slavery, opposed policies that would strengthen the federal government
Daniel Webster
Spoke for the North (NH), opposed the War of 1812, wanted to strengthen the federal government, opposed slavery
Henry Clay
Spoke for the West (KY), supported the War of 1812, favored strengthening the federal government

9. Latin America
During Monroe’s Presidency, many Latin American nations revolted and became independent.
Mexico, Great Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil
Spain was involved in protecting their colonies, so when Jackson marched U.S. soldiers into Florida, they were able to get Spain to agree to peace talks.
Adam-Onis Treaty – Spain gave Florida to the U.S. for $5 million

10. Monroe Doctrine
Countries in Europe were forming alliances and offering Spain assistance in regaining their colonies.
The U.S. and Britain opposed this idea.
Monroe Doctrine – declared the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs but warned European nations not to attempt to regain control of Latin America
Showed U.S. determination to keep European powers out of the Western Hemisphere
Britain supported this statement.
Shaped our foreign policy for more than 100 years.